Ndi chitukuko chofulumira chamakampani amakono, chipinda choyera chopanda fumbi chakhala chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mbali zonse za moyo.Komabe, anthu ambiri sadziwa mokwanira za chipinda choyera chopanda fumbi, makamaka akatswiri ena okhudzana nawo.Izi mwachindunji kutsogolera molakwika ntchito fumbi wopanda ukhondo chipinda.Zotsatira zake, malo ochitira misonkhano yoyeretsa amawonongeka ndipo kuchuluka kwa zolakwika kwazinthu kumawonjezeka.
Ndiye kodi chipinda chopanda fumbi ndi chiyani kwenikweni?Ndi njira zotani zowunikidwa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiyika?Kodi molondola ntchito ndi kusunga chilengedwe cha fumbi wopanda ukhondo chipinda?
Kodi chipinda chopanda fumbi ndi chiyani?
Chipinda choyera chopanda fumbi, chomwe chimatchedwanso malo ochitiramo ukhondo, chipinda choyera, ndi zipinda zopanda fumbi, zimatanthawuza kuchotsedwa kwa zinthu zowononga monga tinthu ting'onoting'ono, mpweya woyipa, mabakiteriya, ndi zina zambiri mumlengalenga mkati mwa danga linalake, komanso kutentha kwamkati, ukhondo, m'nyumba. kupanikizika, kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndi kugawa kwa mpweya, phokoso, kugwedezeka, kuyatsa, ndi magetsi osasunthika amayendetsedwa mkati mwa zofunikira zina, ndipo chipinda chopangidwa mwapadera chimaperekedwa.
Mwachidule, chipinda choyera chopanda fumbi ndi malo opangira okhazikika omwe amapangidwira malo ena opanga omwe amafunikira ukhondo.Ili ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito ma microelectronics, ukadaulo wa opto-magnetic, bioengineering, zida zamagetsi, zida zolondola, zakuthambo, makampani azakudya, makampani odzola zodzoladzola, kafukufuku wasayansi ndi kuphunzitsa, ndi zina zambiri.
Pakali pano pali magawo atatu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazipinda zoyera.
1. Muyezo wa ISO wa International Organisation for Standardization: kuwunika kwachipinda koyera kutengera fumbi lomwe lili ndi mpweya pa kiyubiki mita ya mpweya.
2. American FS 209D muyezo: zochokera tinthu zili pa kiyubiki phazi la mpweya monga maziko a mlingo.
3. GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) mlingo mlingo: makamaka ntchito makampani mankhwala.
Momwe mungasungire malo achipinda aukhondo
Ambiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zipinda zopanda fumbi amadziwa kulemba ganyu gulu la akatswiri kuti lipange koma amanyalanyaza kasamalidwe komanga.Zotsatira zake, zipinda zina zopanda fumbi zimakhala zoyenerera zikamalizidwa ndikuperekedwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito.Komabe, pakapita nthawi yogwira ntchito, kuchuluka kwa tinthu kumaposa bajeti.Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwapang'onopang'ono kwazinthu kumawonjezeka.Ena amasiyidwa.
Kusamalira bwino zipinda ndikofunikira kwambiri.Sizokhudzana ndi khalidwe la mankhwala, komanso zimakhudza moyo wautumiki wa chipinda choyera.Posanthula kuchuluka kwa magwero oyipitsidwa m'chipinda choyera, 80% ya kuipitsa kumachitika chifukwa cha anthu.Makamaka zoipitsidwa ndi zabwino particles ndi tizilombo.
(1) Ogwira ntchito ayenera kuvala nsalu zopanda fumbi asanalowe m'chipinda choyera.
Zovala zodzitchinjiriza zodzitchinjiriza zimapangidwa ndikupangidwa kuphatikiza zovala zotsutsana ndi ma static, nsapato za anti-static, zisoti za anti-static ndi zinthu zina.Ikhoza kufika paukhondo wa kalasi 1000 ndi kalasi 10000 kupyolera mu kuyeretsa mobwerezabwereza.Zinthu zotsutsana ndi static zimatha kuchepetsa fumbi ndi tsitsi.Imatha kuyamwa zowononga zing'onozing'ono monga silika ndi zowononga zina zazing'ono, komanso zimatha kudzipatula thukuta, dander, mabakiteriya, etc. opangidwa ndi thupi la munthu.Chepetsani kuipitsa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha anthu.
(2) Gwiritsani ntchito zopukuta zoyenerera malinga ndi kalasi yoyera ya chipinda.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mankhwala opukuta osayenera kumakhala kosavuta kupiritsa ndi zinyenyeswazi, ndipo amabala mabakiteriya, omwe samangoipitsa malo ochitira msonkhano, komanso amachititsa kuipitsidwa kwa mankhwala.
Mndandanda wa nsalu zopanda fumbi:
Wopangidwa ndi ulusi wautali wa poliyesitala kapena ulusi wautali kwambiri, umakhala wofewa komanso wosakhwima, umakhala wosinthika bwino, ndipo umalimbana bwino ndi makwinya komanso kusavala.
Kuluka pokonza, sikophweka kupiritsa, kosavuta kukhetsa.Kupaka kumamalizidwa mumsonkhano wopanda fumbi ndikukonzedwa ndikutsuka koyera kwambiri kuti mabakiteriya asakule mosavuta.
Njira zapadera zosindikizira m'mphepete monga akupanga ndi laser zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zitsimikizire kuti m'mphepete mwake simumalekanitsidwa mosavuta.
Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kalasi 10 kupita kuchipinda choyera cha 1000 kuchotsa fumbi pamwamba pa zinthu, monga LCD/microelectronics/semiconductor products.Makina oyera opukutira, zida, malo owonera maginito, magalasi, ndi mkati mwa mapaipi opukutidwa achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, etc.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-21-2023