M'malo omwe ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri paukhondo, monga zipinda zochitira opaleshoni m'zipatala, malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi amagetsi, ndi malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi, kumanga zipinda zoyera ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti pakhale kupanga kotetezeka komanso kafukufuku wasayansi. Sizodabwitsa kuti mapanelo a zipinda zoyera nthawi zonse amakhala ndi malo ofanana pakupanga zipinda zoyera—amakwaniritsa zofunikira za zipinda zoyera zomwe mapanelo wamba amavutika kukwaniritsa, zomwe zimakhala maziko a chitetezo cha zipinda zoyera.
1. Lamulirani kuipitsa komwe kumachokera: chotsani "magwero osaoneka a kuipitsa" ndikusunga malo oyeretsera.
Chofunika kwambiri pakupanga zipinda zoyera ndi "kusakhala ndi kuipitsidwa konse," koma mapanelo wamba (monga gypsum board ndi matabwa achikhalidwe) nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zolakwika zake: amayamwa mosavuta chinyezi ndi nkhungu, amataya fumbi mosavuta, ndipo ngakhale mipata pakati pa malo olumikizirana imatha kukhala malo osungira fumbi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Mapanelo a zipinda zoyera amapewa vutoli kwathunthu kuchokera ku zinthu zakuthupi, kuchokera ku zinthu mpaka luso laukadaulo. Zipangizo zazikulu monga ubweya wa miyala, magnesium wagalasi, ndi miyala ya silica zimasankhidwa mosamala, zomwe sizipanga fumbi, sizimayamwa chinyezi, komanso zimapha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, motero sizimatulutsa zinthu zoipitsa. Kuphatikiza apo, ukadaulo wawo wotsekera umakulitsidwa: zomatira zapadera ndi malo olumikizirana lilime ndi groove zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikiza mapanelo, kutseka mipata yonse ndikuletsa fumbi ndi mabakiteriya omwe amanyamulidwa ndi mpweya wakunja kulowa mchipinda choyera, ndikuchotsa bwino njira zodetsa zomwe zili pachomera.
Kaya ndi kuwongolera kwambiri fumbi la micron m'mafakitale amagetsi kapena kufunikira kwa malo oyeretsera m'zipinda zochitira opaleshoni m'zipatala, mapanelo a zipinda zoyera amapereka chitetezo choyamba cha ukhondo.
2. Yosavuta kuyeretsa ndi kusamalira: yoyenera kuyeretsa pafupipafupi, kuchepetsa ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.
Zipinda zoyera zimafuna kutsukidwa ndi kutsukidwa nthawi zonse (monga kutsukidwa ndi kutsukidwa pambuyo pa opaleshoni m'zipinda zochitira opaleshoni m'zipatala komanso kuyeretsa tsiku ndi tsiku m'mafakitale opangira chakudya). Malo otsukidwa ovuta kusamalira samangowonjezera ntchito yoyeretsa komanso amatha kusiya zodetsa m'makona "osayeretsedwa," zomwe zimaika pachiwopsezo chitetezo. Kapangidwe ka pamwamba pa malo otsukidwa ndi koyenera kwambiri pazosowa zoyeretsa pafupipafupi:
Zinthu zolimba pamwamba: Chitsulo chopangidwa ndi galvanized, chitsulo chopakidwa utoto, ndi zinthu zina zosalala nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malo azikhala opanda mabowo komanso opanda msoko. Mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (monga mankhwala ophera tizilombo ochokera ku mowa ndi chlorine) sadzawononga kapena kuwononga akapukuta.
Kuyeretsa bwino kwambiri: Madontho a pamwamba amatha kuchotsedwa mwachangu ndi nsalu, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pasakhale kufunikira kwa zida zovuta. Izi zimathandiza kuchotsa malo ouma omwe dothi ndi zinyalala zimatha kukhalapo, zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa nthawi yoyeretsa komanso ndalama zogwirira ntchito komanso kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mapanelo panthawi yoyeretsa.
3. Kugwira ntchito kokhazikika: koyenera malo ovuta, kuonetsetsa kuti kudalirika kwa nthawi yayitali
Malo ochitira uinjiniya wa zipinda zoyera nthawi zambiri amakhala osiyana: malo ena ogwirira ntchito zamagetsi amafuna kutentha ndi chinyezi chokhazikika, zipinda zogwirira ntchito m'zipatala zimakhudzidwa pafupipafupi ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, ndipo ma labotale achilengedwe amatha kukhudzidwa ndi mpweya wowononga. Mapanelo wamba amatha kusinthika ndi kukalamba m'malo ovuta awa pakapita nthawi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chipinda choyera chisamakhale cholimba komanso cholimba. Mapanelo a zipinda zoyera amapereka magwiridwe antchito okhazikika oyenera zochitika zonse:
Kulimba kwamphamvu kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana: Sikuti amangokwaniritsa miyezo ya moto (mwachitsanzo, magalasi ndi ma magnesium core cleanroom panels amakwaniritsa muyezo wa moto wa Class A), komanso amalimbana ndi chinyezi, kukalamba, komanso kukana dzimbiri. Ngakhale m'malo omwe kutentha ndi chinyezi zimasinthasintha kwa nthawi yayitali kapena kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pafupipafupi, sachedwa kusinthika, kusweka, ndi kutha.
Mphamvu yokwanira ya kapangidwe kake: Kulimba kwakukulu kwa mapanelo kumawathandiza kupirira denga ndi magawano ambiri m'mapulojekiti a zipinda zoyera, kuchotsa kufunikira kowonjezera mphamvu ndikuletsa kulephera kwa zipinda zoyera chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kapangidwe kake.
Pa zipinda zoyera zomwe zimafuna ntchito yokhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali (monga malo ochitira masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe amafunikira kupanga kosalekeza kapena zipinda zogwirira ntchito kuchipatala zomwe zimafuna kupezeka kwa maola 24), kukhazikika kwa mapanelo a zipinda zoyera kumatsimikizira mwachindunji moyo wa ntchito ya pulojekiti yoyera.
4. Kapangidwe kogwira mtima: Kapangidwe ka modular kamachepetsa nthawi ya ntchito.
Mapulojekiti a zipinda zotsukira nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nthawi yocheperako—makampani amagetsi amafunika kuyamba kupanga mwachangu momwe angathere, ndipo zipatala ziyenera kutsegula zipinda zatsopano zogwirira ntchito mwachangu momwe zingathere. Kumanga nthawi yayitali kumatha kukhudza mwachindunji kupanga ndi kupita patsogolo kwa zamankhwala. Kapangidwe ka ma panel a zipinda zotsukira nthawi zonse kamathetsa vutoli:
Kukonza zinthu mozama kwambiri: Mapanelo a zipinda zotsukira amakonzedwa kale ku fakitale, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pasakhale kufunikira kudula ndi kupukuta pamalopo (kuletsa kuipitsidwa kwa fumbi). Kukhazikitsa mwachangu komanso kosavuta: Pogwiritsa ntchito njira yokhazikitsa modular, antchito amangosonkhanitsa ndikuteteza mapanelo malinga ndi zojambula za kapangidwe kake. Poyerekeza ndi njira yachikhalidwe yopaka pulasitala ndi kupaka utoto pamalopo, kugwira ntchito bwino kwa zomangamanga kumawonjezeka ndi kupitirira 50%, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chipinda chotsukira chikhazikike mwachangu.
Mwachitsanzo, mu malo ochitira masewera amagetsi a Class 1,000, kugwiritsa ntchito mapanelo oyeretsa pomanga makoma ogawa ndi denga nthawi zambiri kumamaliza kukhazikitsa kwakukulu mkati mwa masabata 1-2, zomwe zimafupikitsa kwambiri nthawi ya polojekiti ndikulola makampani kuyamba kupanga mwachangu.
Mwachidule: Mapanelo a zipinda zotsukira si njira yoti musankhe; ndi ofunikira!
Mfundo yaikulu ya uinjiniya wa zipinda zoyera ndi "malo oyera olamulirika." Mapanelo a zipinda zoyera, omwe ali ndi ubwino wawo waukulu anayi woletsa kuipitsa, kuyeretsa kosavuta, kukhazikika, komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwambiri, amakwaniritsa bwino izi. Si "zipangizo" zokha zomangira malo oyeretsa, komanso "gawo lofunika kwambiri" lomwe limatsimikizira kuti mapulojekiti a zipinda zoyera amagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali komanso modalirika. Kaya kuchokera pamalingaliro aukadaulo kapena phindu logwiritsidwa ntchito, mapanelo a zipinda zoyera akhala "muyezo" wa uinjiniya wa zipinda zoyera, chisankho chachilengedwe cha chitukuko cha mafakitale.
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-14-2025