Chipinda choyera chiyenera kukwaniritsa miyezo ya bungwe lapadziko lonse lapansi la muyeso (ISO) kuti usankhidwe. ISO, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1947, idakhazikitsidwa kuti ikwaniritse mfundo zapadziko lonse lapansi zokhudzana ndi kafukufuku wa sayansi komanso machitidwe azamalonda, zinthu zosasunthika, komanso zida zowonongeka. Ngakhale kuti bungweli linapangidwa mwakufuna kwawo, miyezo yokhazikika imakhazikitsa mfundo zoyambira zomwe zimalemekezedwa ndi mabungwe padziko lonse lapansi. Masiku ano, a Iso ali ndi miyezo yoposa 20,000 kwa makampani kuti azigwiritsa ntchito ngati chiwongolero.
Chipinda choyera choyamba chidapangidwa ndikupangidwa ndi Willis Whis Whisfield mu 1960. Kapangidwe ndi cholinga cha chipinda choyera ndikuteteza njira zawo zachilengedwe. Anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chipindacho komanso zinthu zomwe zimayesedwa kapena zomangidwa mkati zimalepheretsa chipinda choyera kuti zithetse miyezo yake ya ukhondo. Zowongolera zapadera zimafunikira kuthetsa mavutowa momwe angathere.
Gulu la chipinda choyera limayesa kuchuluka kwa ukhondo pakuwerengera kukula ndi tinthu tambiri pa mpweya wamlengalenga. Magawowo amayamba ku ISO 1 ndikupita ku ISO Zipinda zoyera zambiri zimagwera mu iso 7 kapena 8.
Bungwe lapadziko lonse lapansi la magawo a tinthu
| Patula | Tinthu tating'onoting'ono / m3 | FED STD 209E Chimozi modzi | |||||
| > = 0.1 μm | > = 0.2 μm | > = 0.3 μm | > = 0,5 μm | > = 1 μm | > = = 5 μm | ||
| Iso 1 | 10 | 2 | |||||
| Iso 2 | 100 | 24 | 10 | 4 | |||
| Iso 3 | 1,000 | 237 | 102 | 35 | 8 | Kalasi 1 | |
| Iso 4 | 10,000 | 2,370 | 1,020 | 352 | 83 | Kalasi 10 | |
| Iso 5 | 100,000 | 23,700 | 10,200 | 3,520 | 832 | 29 | Gulu 100 |
| Iso 6 | 1,000,000 | 237,000 | 102,000 | 35,200 | 8,320 | 293 | Kalasi 1,000 |
| Iso 7 | 352,000 | 83,200 | 2,930 | Kalasi 10,000 | |||
| Iso 8 | 3,520,000 | 832,000 | 29,300 | Kalasi 100,000 | |||
| Iso 9 | 35,200,000 | 8,320,000 | 293,000 | Mpweya | |||
Miyezo ya Federal 209 E - Onetsani Chipinda Chapadera
| Tinthu tating'onoting'ono / m3 | |||||
| Patula | > = 0,5 μm | > = 1 μm | > = = 5 μm | > = 10 μm | > = 25 μm |
| Kalasi 1 | 3,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| Kalasi 2 | 300,000 | 2,000 | 30 | ||
| Kalasi 3 | 1,000,000 | 20,000 | 4,000 | 300 | |
| Kalasi 4 | 20,000 | 40,000 | 4,000 | ||
Momwe Mungasungire Gulu Loyera Lachipinda
Popeza cholinga cha chipinda choyera chiziphunzira kapena kugwira ntchito pazinthu zosakhazikika komanso zosalimba, zimawoneka ngati zosatheka kuti chinthu choyipitsidwacho chiziyika m'malo oterowo. Komabe, nthawi zonse pamakhala ngozi, ndipo masitepe ayenera kuwongolera.
Pali mitundu iwiri yomwe imatha kutsitsa gulu loyera la chipinda choyera. Chosiyanasiyana ndi anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito chipindacho. Chachiwiri ndi zinthu kapena zida zomwe zimabweretsa. Mosasamala kanthu za kudzipereka kwa chipinda choyera, zolakwa ziyenera kuchitika. Mukamafulumira, anthu akhoza kuyiwala kutsatira ma protocol onse, kuvala zovala zosayenera, kapena kunyalanyaza mbali ina.
Poyesa kuwongolera oyang'anira izi, makampani ali ndi zofunikira zamtundu wa zovala zoyera m'chipinda choyenera ayenera kuvala zovala zoyera m'chipinda choyenera. Zovala zoyera zabwinobwino zimaphatikizapo zokutira phazi, zisoti kapena maukonde a tsitsi, kuvala m'maso, magolovesi ndi zovala. Miyezo yazovuta imatulutsa masuti athunthu omwe amakhala ndi mpweya wodziletsa womwe umalepheretsa wovala bwino poipitsa chipinda choyera ndi mpweya wawo.
Mavuto Osunga Chipinda Choyera
Ubwino wa dongosolo lozungulira mpweya m'chipinda choyera ndiye vuto lalikulu kwambiri lokhudzana ndi kusanja chipinda choyera. Ngakhale chipinda choyera chalandira kale gulu, lomwe gulu limatha kusintha mosavuta kapena kutayika kwathunthu ngati ili ndi njira yofiyira mpweya. Dongosolo limatengera kuchuluka kwa zosefera zofunika komanso zotheka kuthamanga.
Chinthu chimodzi chachikulu kuti tiganizidwe ndi mtengo wake, womwe ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri wokhala ndi chipinda choyera. Pokonzekera kumanga chipinda choyera ku muyezo winawake, opanga ayenera kuchita zinthu zingapo. Choyambirira ndi chiwerengero cha zosefera zomwe zimafunikira kuti zisungidwe bwino chipindacho. Katundu wachiwiri woti aganizire ndi njira yowongolera mpweya kuti muwonetsetse kuti matenthedwe ali mkati mchipinda choyera amakhala okhazikika. Pomaliza, chinthu chachitatu ndi kapangidwe ka chipindacho. Nthawi zambiri, makampani amapempha kuti akhale chipinda choyera kapena chaching'ono kuposa zomwe akufuna. Chifukwa chake, mapangidwe a chipinda choyera ayenera kusanthuridwa mosamala kotero kuti ikukwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe akufuna.
Ndi mafakitale otani omwe amafuna chipinda chofufumitsa cha zipinda?
Pamene ukadaulo umapita patsogolo, pali zinthu zofunika kwambiri zokhudzana ndi kupanga kwa zida zaukadaulo. Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikuluzikulu ndikuwongolera zinthu za miniscule zomwe zingakhumudwe ndi chipangizo chovuta.
Chofunikira kwambiri chokwanira chopindika ndi mafakitale opangira mankhwala pomwe nthunzi kapena zodetsa zodetsa zitha kuwononga kupanga mankhwala. Makampani omwe amatulutsa mabwalo amitundu yosiyanasiyana chifukwa cha zida zodziwika bwino ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti kupanga ndi msonkhano ndi kutetezedwa. Awa ndi awiri okha mwa mafakitale ambiri omwe amagwiritsa ntchito zipinda zoyera. Ena ndi Aerospace, optics, ndi nanotechnology. Zipangizo zaluso zakhala zazing'ono komanso zochulukirapo kuposa kale, ndichifukwa chake zipinda zoyera zipitilizabe kupanga zopanga ndi kupanga.
Post Nthawi: Mar-29-2023