Kumanga zipinda zotsukira nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kumanga malo akuluakulu mkati mwa nyumba yayikulu. Pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoyenera zomalizira, chipinda chotsukira chimagawidwa ndikukongoletsedwa malinga ndi zofunikira za ndondomeko kuti apange chipinda chotsukira chomwe chimakwaniritsa zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuwongolera kuipitsa mpweya m'chipinda chotsukira kumafuna khama logwirizana la akatswiri monga makina oziziritsira mpweya ndi makina odzipangira okha. Makampani osiyanasiyana amafunikanso thandizo lapadera. Mwachitsanzo, zipinda zogwirira ntchito m'zipatala zimafuna njira zina zoperekera mpweya wamankhwala (monga mpweya ndi nayitrogeni); zipinda zotsukira mankhwala zimafuna mapaipi oyendetsera ntchito kuti apereke madzi opanda ayoni ndi mpweya wopanikizika, pamodzi ndi makina otulutsira madzi kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito poyeretsa madzi akumwa. Mwachionekere, kumanga zipinda zotsukira kumafuna kapangidwe kogwirizana ndi kumanga magawo osiyanasiyana (kuphatikiza makina oziziritsira mpweya, makina odzipangira okha, gasi, mapaipi, ndi madzi otulutsira madzi).
1. Dongosolo la HVAC
Kodi kulamulira bwino chilengedwe kungatheke bwanji? Dongosolo loyeretsa mpweya, lomwe limapangidwa ndi zida zoyeretsa mpweya, njira zoyeretsera mpweya, ndi zowonjezera ma valavu, limawongolera magawo amkati monga kutentha, chinyezi, ukhondo, liwiro la mpweya, kusiyana kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya, ndi khalidwe la mpweya wamkati.
Zigawo zogwira ntchito za zida zoyeretsera mpweya zimaphatikizapo chipangizo choyeretsera mpweya (AHU), chipangizo choyeretsera fani (FFU), ndi choyeretsera mpweya watsopano. Zofunikira pa zipangizo zoyeretsera mpweya: Chitsulo cholimba (chosagwira dzimbiri), chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri (chogwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa kwambiri), malo osalala amkati (kuti achepetse kukana kwa mpweya). Zigawo zowonjezera za ma valavu ofunikira: Vavu ya voliyumu ya mpweya yokhazikika (CAV)/Vavu ya voliyumu ya mpweya yosinthika (VAV) - imasunga voliyumu ya mpweya yokhazikika; valavu yamagetsi yotseka (yotseka mwadzidzidzi kuti isawonongedwe ndi mpweya); valavu yowongolera voliyumu ya mpweya (yolinganiza kuthamanga kwa mpweya pamalo aliwonse otulutsira mpweya).
2. Kulamulira Kokha ndi Zamagetsi
Zofunikira Zapadera pa Kuunikira ndi Kugawa Mphamvu: Zowunikira ziyenera kukhala zotetezeka ku fumbi komanso zotetezeka kuphulika (monga m'ma workshop a zamagetsi) komanso zosavuta kuyeretsa (monga m'ma workshop a GMP a mankhwala). Kuwala kuyenera kukwaniritsa miyezo yamakampani (monga, ≥500 lux yamakampani amagetsi). Zipangizo wamba: Ma LED flat panel apadera (kuyika kotsekedwa, ndi zingwe zotsekera zotetezeka ku fumbi). Mitundu ya katundu wogawa mphamvu: Perekani mphamvu kwa mafani, mapampu, zida zoyendetsera, ndi zina zotero. Kusokoneza kwa magetsi ndi harmonic (monga, katundu wa inverter) kuyenera kuwerengedwa. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu: Zipangizo zofunika kwambiri (monga, mayunitsi oziziritsira mpweya) ziyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi ma circuits awiri kapena kukhala ndi UPS. Ma switch ndi sockets oyika zida: Gwiritsani ntchito chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chotsekedwa. Kutalika ndi malo oyika ziyenera kupewa madera akufa a mpweya (kuti mupewe kusonkhanitsa fumbi). Kuyanjana ndi Zizindikiro: Akatswiri amagetsi amafunika kupereka ma circuits amphamvu ndi owongolera (monga, 4-20mA kapena kulumikizana kwa Modbus) pama sensor a kutentha ndi chinyezi a makina oziziritsira mpweya, masensa opanikizika osiyana, ndi ma actuator a damper. Kuwongolera Kupanikizika Kosiyanasiyana: Kumasintha kutseguka kwa mpweya wabwino ndi ma valve otulutsa mpweya kutengera masensa osiyanitsa kuthamanga kwa mpweya. Kulinganiza Mphamvu ya Mpweya: Chosinthira ma frequency chimasintha liwiro la fan kuti chikwaniritse malo okhazikika a mpweya woperekera, wobweza, ndi kuchuluka kwa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya.
3. Njira Yopangira Mapaipi
Ntchito yaikulu ya makina opachikira mapaipi: Kunyamula zinthu zoyatsira mpweya molondola kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira za chipinda choyeretsera monga mpweya (monga nayitrogeni, mpweya) ndi zakumwa (madzi oyeretsedwa, zosungunulira). Pofuna kupewa kuipitsidwa ndi kutuluka kwa madzi, zipangizo zopachikira mapaipi ndi njira zotsekera ziyenera kupewa kutayika kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, dzimbiri la mankhwala, ndi kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
4. Zokongoletsa Zapadera ndi Zipangizo
Kusankha Zinthu: Mfundo ya "Six Nos" ndi yokhwima kwambiri. Yopanda Fumbi: Zipangizo zotulutsa ulusi (monga gypsum board, utoto wamba) ndizoletsedwa. Mapanelo achitsulo ndi zitsulo zokhala ndi utoto wotsutsana ndi mabakiteriya akulimbikitsidwa. Yopanda Fumbi: Pamwamba pake payenera kukhala yopanda mabowo (monga epoxy self-leveling floor) kuti fumbi lisalowe. Yosavuta Kuyeretsa: Zipangizozo ziyenera kupirira njira zoyeretsera monga madzi amphamvu, mowa, ndi hydrogen peroxide (monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chokhala ndi ngodya zozungulira). Kukana Kudzikundikira: Yolimbana ndi ma acid, alkalis, ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo (monga makoma okhala ndi PVDF). Zolumikizira Zopanda Msoko/Zolimba: Gwiritsani ntchito zolumikizira zomangira kapena zomatira zapadera (monga silicone) kuti mupewe kukula kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Yotsutsana ndi static: Chogwirira ntchito (monga, kuyika pansi kwa foil yamkuwa) chikufunika pazipinda zotsukira zamagetsi.
Miyezo Yogwirira Ntchito: Kulondola kwa mulingo wa milimita kumafunika. Kusalala: Malo a khoma ayenera kuyesedwa ndi laser pambuyo poyika, ndi mipata ≤ 0.5mm (2-3mm nthawi zambiri amaloledwa m'nyumba zogona). Kukonza Ngodya Yozungulira: Ngodya zonse zamkati ndi zakunja ziyenera kuzunguliridwa ndi R ≥ 50mm (yerekezerani ndi ngodya zakumanja kapena mizere yokongoletsera ya R 10mm m'nyumba zogona) kuti muchepetse malo osawoneka bwino. Kulimba kwa mpweya: Kuunikira ndi soketi ziyenera kuyikidwa kale, ndipo zolumikizira ziyenera kutsekedwa ndi guluu (zoyikidwa pamwamba kapena ndi mabowo opumira mpweya, zomwe zimapezeka m'nyumba zogona).
Kugwira Ntchito > Kukongola. Kuchotsa ziboliboli: Zokongoletsera ndi mawonekedwe opindika ndi ozungulira (omwe amapezeka m'nyumba zokhalamo, monga makoma akumbuyo ndi denga) ndizoletsedwa. Mapangidwe onse apangidwa kuti azitsuka mosavuta komanso kupewa kuipitsa. Kapangidwe Kobisika: Dothi la pansi lotulutsira madzi ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, losatuluka, ndipo bolodi loyambira ndi lodzaza ndi khoma (mabolodi otulukira madzi ndi ofala m'nyumba zokhalamo).
Mapeto
Kumanga zipinda zoyera kumaphatikizapo maphunziro ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimafuna mgwirizano wapafupi pakati pawo. Mavuto omwe ali paubwenzi uliwonse amakhudza ubwino wa kapangidwe ka zipinda zoyera.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-11-2025