KODI MFUNDO ZOTANI PA CHILUMBA A, B, C NDI D ZOYENEKA NDI ZITI?

Chipinda choyera chimatanthawuza malo otsekedwa bwino omwe magawo monga ukhondo wa mpweya, kutentha, chinyezi, kuthamanga, ndi phokoso zimayendetsedwa ngati pakufunika. Zipinda zoyera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale apamwamba kwambiri monga ma semiconductors, zamagetsi, zamankhwala, zandege, zakuthambo, ndi biomedicine. Malinga ndi mtundu wa 2010 wa GMP, makampani opanga mankhwala amagawa malo oyera kukhala magawo anayi: A, B, C, ndi D potengera zizindikiro monga ukhondo wa mpweya, kuthamanga kwa mpweya, kuchuluka kwa mpweya, kutentha ndi chinyezi, phokoso, ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Kalasi A chipinda choyera

Chipinda choyera cha Class A, chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti chipinda chaukhondo cha kalasi 100 kapena chipinda choyera kwambiri, ndi chimodzi mwazipinda zoyera kwambiri. Iwo akhoza kulamulira chiwerengero cha particles pa phazi kiyubiki mu mlengalenga zosakwana 35.5, ndiko kuti, chiwerengero cha particles wamkulu kapena wofanana 0,5um pa kiyubiki mita mpweya sangathe upambana 3,520 (malo amodzi ndi zamphamvu). Chipinda choyera cha Kalasi A chimakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri ndipo chimafunika kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera za hepa, kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa masiyanidwe, makina oyendetsa mpweya, ndi machitidwe owongolera kutentha ndi chinyezi kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zawo zaukhondo. Chipinda choyera cha Class A ndi malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu. Monga malo odzaziramo, malo omwe migolo yoyimitsira mphira ndi zotengera zotsegula zolumikizirana mwachindunji ndi zokonzekera zosabala, ndi malo ochitira msonkhano wa aseptic kapena maulumikizidwe. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pokonza ma microelectronics, biopharmaceuticals, kupanga zida zolondola, zakuthambo ndi zina.

Chipinda choyera cha Class B

Chipinda choyera cha Gulu B chimatchedwanso chipinda choyera cha Class 100. Ukhondo wake ndi wochepa kwambiri, ndipo chiwerengero cha particles chachikulu kuposa kapena chofanana ndi 0.5um pa kiyubiki mita ya mpweya amaloledwa kufika 3520 (static) 35,2000 (zamphamvu). Zosefera za Hepa ndi makina otulutsa mpweya amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera chinyezi, kutentha ndi kusiyana kwapakatikati kwa malo amkati. Chipinda choyera cha Gulu B chimatanthawuza malo akumbuyo komwe kalasi A yoyera yochitira zinthu zoopsa kwambiri monga kukonzekera ndi kudzaza kwa aseptic. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu biomedicine, kupanga mankhwala, makina olondola ndi kupanga zida ndi zina.

Chipinda choyera cha Class C

Chipinda choyera cha Class C chimatchedwanso chipinda choyera cha kalasi 10,000. Ukhondo wake ndi wochepa kwambiri, ndipo chiwerengero cha particles chachikulu kuposa kapena chofanana ndi 0.5um pa kiyubiki mita ya mpweya amaloledwa kufika 352,000 (static) 352,0000 (zamphamvu). Zosefera za Hepa, kuwongolera kukakamiza kwabwino, kuzungulira kwa mpweya, kuwongolera kutentha ndi chinyezi ndi matekinoloje ena amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukwaniritsa miyezo yawo yaukhondo. Chipinda choyera cha Class C chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka muzamankhwala, kupanga zida zamankhwala, makina olondola komanso kupanga zinthu zamagetsi ndi zina.

Chipinda choyera cha Class D

Chipinda choyera cha Class D chimatchedwanso chipinda choyera cha kalasi 100,000. Mulingo wake waukhondo ndi wochepa, kulola tinthu 3,520,000 zazikulu kuposa kapena zofanana ndi 0.5um pa kiyubiki mita ya mpweya (static). Zosefera wamba za hepa ndi zowongolera zoyambira zabwino komanso makina oyendetsa mpweya nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera chilengedwe chamkati. Chipinda choyera cha Class D chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mafakitale, kukonza chakudya ndikuyika, kusindikiza, kusungirako zinthu ndi zina.

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipinda zoyera ili ndi mawonekedwe awoawo ndipo amasankhidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito molingana ndi zosowa zenizeni. M'magwiritsidwe ntchito, kuyang'anira chilengedwe cha zipinda zoyera ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri, yomwe imaphatikizapo kulingalira mozama pazinthu zingapo. Mapangidwe ndi magwiridwe antchito asayansi ndi omveka okha ndi omwe angatsimikizire kukhazikika ndi kukhazikika kwa malo oyera achipinda.