Kuyambira pomwe idakhazikitsidwa mu 1992, "Njira Yabwino Yopangira Mankhwala" (GMP) mumakampani opanga mankhwala ku China yakhala ikudziwika pang'onopang'ono, kuvomerezedwa, ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makampani opanga mankhwala. GMP ndi mfundo yofunikira yadziko lonse kwa makampani, ndipo makampani omwe alephera kukwaniritsa zofunikira mkati mwa nthawi yomwe yatchulidwa adzasiya kupanga.
Chofunika kwambiri pa satifiketi ya GMP ndi kuwongolera bwino momwe mankhwala amagwiritsidwira ntchito. Zomwe zili mkati mwake zitha kugawidwa m'magawo awiri: kasamalidwe ka mapulogalamu ndi zida zamagetsi. Nyumba yoyera ndi imodzi mwamagawo akuluakulu osungiramo ndalama m'malo opangira zida zamagetsi. Nyumba yoyera ikamalizidwa, ngati ingakwaniritse zolinga za kapangidwe kake ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira za GMP iyenera kutsimikiziridwa poyesa.
Pa nthawi yowunikira chipinda choyera, ena mwa iwo adalephera kuwunika ukhondo, ena anali apafupi ndi fakitale, ndipo ena anali pulojekiti yonse. Ngati kuwunikako sikuli koyenera, ngakhale kuti magulu onse awiri akwaniritsa zofunikira kudzera mu kukonza, kukonza zolakwika, kuyeretsa, ndi zina zotero, nthawi zambiri kumawononga mphamvu zambiri za anthu ndi zinthu zina, kumachedwetsa nthawi yomanga, ndikuchedwetsa njira yopezera satifiketi ya GMP. Zifukwa zina ndi zolakwika zitha kupewedwa tisanayese. Mu ntchito yathu yeniyeni, tapeza kuti zifukwa zazikulu ndi njira zowongolera ukhondo wosayenerera ndi kulephera kwa GMP ndi izi:
1. Kapangidwe kauinjiniya kosamveka bwino
Chochitikachi sichidziwika kawirikawiri, makamaka pomanga zipinda zazing'ono zoyera zomwe sizikufuna ukhondo wambiri. Mpikisano pa uinjiniya wa zipinda zoyera ndi woopsa kwambiri tsopano, ndipo mayunitsi ena omanga apereka mitengo yochepa pamitengo yawo kuti apeze ntchitoyi. Pamapeto pake pomanga, mayunitsi ena adagwiritsidwa ntchito kudula ngodya ndikugwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi a air conditioner ndi air compressor okhala ndi mphamvu zochepa chifukwa cha kusadziwa kwawo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magetsi aperekedwe molakwika komanso malo oyera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ukhondo wosayenerera. Chifukwa china ndichakuti wogwiritsa ntchito wawonjezera zofunikira zatsopano ndi malo oyera pambuyo pomanga ndikuyamba, zomwe zingapangitsenso kuti kapangidwe koyambirira kasakwaniritse zofunikira. Vutoli ndi lovuta kukonza ndipo liyenera kupewedwa panthawi yopanga uinjiniya.
2. Kusintha zinthu zapamwamba ndi zinthu zotsika mtengo
Pakugwiritsa ntchito zosefera za hepa m'zipinda zoyera, dzikolo likunena kuti poyeretsa mpweya ndi mulingo wa ukhondo wa 100000 kapena kupitirira apo, kusefa kwa ma fyuluta oyambira, apakatikati, ndi a hepa kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa magawo atatu. Pa nthawi yotsimikizira, zidapezeka kuti polojekiti yayikulu yoyeretsa chipinda idagwiritsa ntchito fyuluta ya mpweya ya sub hepa kuti isinthe fyuluta ya mpweya ya hepa pa mulingo wa ukhondo wa 10000, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti pakhale ukhondo wosayenerera. Pomaliza, fyuluta yogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri idasinthidwa kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira za satifiketi ya GMP.
3. Kutseka bwino njira yoperekera mpweya kapena fyuluta
Chochitikachi chimachitika chifukwa cha kapangidwe kosayenera, ndipo panthawi yolandira, zingawoneke ngati chipinda china kapena gawo lina la dongosolo lomwelo silili loyenerera. Njira yowongolera ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyesera kutayikira kwa mpweya, ndipo fyuluta imagwiritsa ntchito chotsukira tinthu kuti ifufuze gawo lopingasa, guluu wotseka, ndi chimango choyikira fyuluta, kuzindikira malo otayikira, ndikutseka mosamala.
4. Kapangidwe koyipa ndi kuyambitsidwa kwa ma ducts obweza mpweya kapena ma vents opuma mpweya
Ponena za zifukwa za kapangidwe, nthawi zina chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa malo, kugwiritsa ntchito "kubweza kwa mbali yoperekera mpweya" kapena kuchuluka kosakwanira kwa ma venti obwezera mpweya sikungatheke. Pambuyo pochotsa zifukwa za kapangidwe, kukonza ma venti obwezera mpweya ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga. Ngati kukonza sikuli bwino, kukana kwa mpweya wobwerera kumakhala kwakukulu kwambiri, ndipo kuchuluka kwa mpweya wobwerera kumakhala kochepa kuposa kuchuluka kwa mpweya wobwerera, kungayambitsenso ukhondo wosayenerera. Kuphatikiza apo, kutalika kwa mpweya wobwerera kuchokera pansi panthawi yomanga kumakhudzanso ukhondo.
5. Kusakwanira nthawi yodziyeretsa yokha pa dongosolo loyeretsa chipinda panthawi yoyesa
Malinga ndi muyezo wa dziko lonse, kuyesa kuyenera kuyamba mphindi 30 pambuyo poti makina oyeretsera mpweya agwira ntchito bwino. Ngati nthawi yogwira ntchito ndi yochepa kwambiri, ingayambitsenso ukhondo wosakwanira. Pankhaniyi, ndikokwanira kuwonjezera nthawi yogwirira ntchito makina oyeretsera mpweya moyenera.
6. Makina oyeretsera mpweya sanatsukidwe bwino
Panthawi yomanga, makina onse oyeretsera mpweya, makamaka ma ducts operekera ndi obweza mpweya, samalizidwa nthawi imodzi, ndipo ogwira ntchito yomanga ndi malo omanga amatha kuipitsa mpweya m'ma ducts ndi ma fyuluta. Ngati sanatsukidwe bwino, izi zidzakhudza mwachindunji zotsatira za mayeso. Njira yowongolera ndi kuyeretsa pamene mukumanga, ndipo gawo lakale la mapaipi litatsukidwa bwino, filimu ya pulasitiki ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kutseka kuti ipewe kuipitsa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha zinthu zachilengedwe.
7. Malo ogwirira ntchito oyera osatsukidwa bwino
Mosakayikira, malo ogwirira ntchito oyera ayenera kutsukidwa bwino mayeso asanayambe. Afunseni ogwira ntchito yoyeretsa kuti avale zovala zoyera zogwirira ntchito kuti achotse kuipitsidwa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha thupi la ogwira ntchito yoyeretsa. Zotsukira zitha kukhala madzi apampopi, madzi oyera, zosungunulira zachilengedwe, sopo wosalowerera, ndi zina zotero. Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi zofunikira zotsutsana ndi static, pukutani bwino ndi nsalu yoviikidwa mu anti-static liquid.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-26-2023