Monga amadziwika, mbali yaikulu ya kalasi yapamwamba, mwatsatanetsatane ndi zapamwamba mafakitale sangachite popanda fumbi ufulu chipinda oyera, monga CCL dera gawo lapansi mapanelo mkuwa atavala, PCB kusindikizidwa matabwa dera, zowonetsera photoelectronic LCD ndi ma LED, mphamvu ndi 3C mabatire lifiyamu, ndi ena mafakitale mankhwala ndi chakudya.
Ndi chitukuko cha sayansi ndi luso lamakono, miyezo yabwino yothandizira zinthu zomwe zimafunidwa ndi makampani opanga zinthu zikupitilizidwa bwino. Chifukwa chake, opanga mafakitale samangofunika kupanga zatsopano pazopanga, komanso amayenera kukonza malo opangira zinthuzo, kuonetsetsa kuti zipinda zoyera zizikhala zoyera, ndikuwongolera kukhazikika kwazinthu komanso kukhazikika.
Kaya ndikukonzanso kwa mafakitale omwe alipo chifukwa cha kuwongolera kwazinthu kapena kukula kwa mafakitale chifukwa cha kufunikira kwa msika, opanga mafakitale adzakumana ndi zovuta zazikulu zokhudzana ndi tsogolo la bizinesiyo, monga kukonzekera polojekiti.
Kuchokera ku zomangamanga kupita ku zokongoletsera zothandizira, kuchokera ku luso lamakono kupita ku kugula zipangizo, mndandanda wa ndondomeko zovuta za polojekiti zimakhudzidwa. Pochita izi, zodetsa nkhawa kwambiri za chipani chomanga ziyenera kukhala mtundu wa polojekiti komanso mtengo wake wonse.
Zotsatirazi zikufotokozera mwachidule zifukwa zazikulu zingapo zomwe zimakhudza mtengo wa chipinda chopanda fumbi choyera panthawi yomanga mafakitale a mafakitale.
1.Space Factors
Malowa ali ndi mbali ziwiri: malo oyera komanso kutalika kwa sing'anga yachipinda, zomwe zimakhudza mtengo wa zokongoletsera zamkati ndi mpanda: makoma ogawa zipinda zoyera ndi denga loyera. Mtengo wandalama wa zoziziritsa mpweya, kuchuluka kwa malo ofunikira a zoziziritsira mpweya, kapezedwe ndi kubweza mpweya woziziritsira, momwe mapaipi amayendera, ndi kuchuluka kwa malo oziziritsira mpweya.
Pofuna kupewa kuwonjezeka kwa ndalama za polojekiti chifukwa cha zifukwa za danga, wokonza angaganizire mbali ziwiri mozama: malo ogwirira ntchito a zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zopangira (kuphatikizapo kutalika kapena m'lifupi m'mphepete mwa kuyenda, kukonza ndi kukonza) ndi malangizo a ogwira ntchito ndi kutuluka kwa zinthu.
Pakali pano, nyumba amatsatira kusamala mfundo za nthaka, chuma ndi mphamvu, kotero fumbi ufulu woyera chipinda si lalikulu ngati n'kotheka. Pokonzekera ntchito yomanga, ndikofunikira kuganizira zida zake zopangira ndi njira zake, zomwe zingapeweretu ndalama zosafunikira.
2.Temperature, Humidity ndi Air Ukhondo Zinthu
Kutentha, chinyezi, ndi ukhondo wa mpweya ndi data yoyera yazipinda zachilengedwe zomwe zimapangidwira zinthu zamafakitale, zomwe ndi maziko apamwamba kwambiri achipinda choyera komanso zitsimikizo zofunika pakuyezetsa kwazinthu komanso kukhazikika. Miyezo yomwe ilipo pano imagawidwa m'miyezo yadziko, miyeso yakumalo, miyezo yamakampani, ndi miyezo yamabizinesi amkati.
Miyezo monga gulu laukhondo ndi miyezo ya GMP yamakampani opanga mankhwala ndi yamayiko. Kwa mafakitale ambiri opangira zinthu, miyezo ya zipinda zoyera munjira zosiyanasiyana zopangira imatsimikiziridwa makamaka kutengera mawonekedwe azinthu.
Mwachitsanzo, kutentha ndi chinyezi cha kukhudzana, filimu youma, ndi solder chigoba madera mu makampani PCB zimachokera 22 + 1 ℃ mpaka 55 + 5%, ndi ukhondo kuyambira kalasi 1000 kuti kalasi 100000. The lifiyamu batire makampani amaika kutsindika otsika kulamulira chinyezi, ndi chinyezi wachibale zambiri pansi 20%. Magawo ena okhwima kwambiri a jakisoni wamadzimadzi amayenera kuyendetsedwa mozungulira chinyezi cha 1%.
Kufotokozera miyezo yazachilengedwe pazipinda zoyera ndiye nsonga yofunika kwambiri yomwe ikukhudza ndalama zama projekiti. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mulingo waukhondo kumakhudza mtengo wokongoletsera: imayikidwa m'kalasi 100000 ndi kupitilira apo, yomwe imafunikira chipinda choyera, zitseko ndi mazenera oyeretsa, ogwira ntchito ndi katundu wotumizirana ndi mphepo, komanso malo okwera mtengo kwambiri. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zimakhudzanso mtengo wa mpweya: kukwezeka kwaukhondo, kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa mpweya kumafunika kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kuyeretsedwa, kuchuluka kwa mpweya wofunikira kwa AHU, komanso kulowetsa mpweya wa hepa kumapeto kwa njira ya mpweya.
Momwemonso, kupanga kutentha ndi chinyezi mumsonkhanowo sikumangokhudza nkhani zamtengo wapatali zomwe tazitchula pamwambapa, komanso zinthu zomwe zimayendetsa bwino. Kukwera kolondola, kumapangitsanso zida zothandizira zofunikira. Chinyezi chikakhala cholondola kufika pa +3% kapena ± 5%, zipangizo zochepetsera chinyezi ziyenera kukhala zonse.
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa kutentha kwa msonkhano, chinyezi, ndi ukhondo sikumangokhudza ndalama zoyambira, komanso ndalama zogwirira ntchito pakapita nthawi fakitale yokhala ndi maziko obiriwira. Choncho, potengera makhalidwe ake kupanga mankhwala, pamodzi ndi mfundo dziko, mfundo makampani, ndi mfundo zamkati za ogwira ntchito, momveka kupanga mfundo zachilengedwe deta kuti akwaniritse zosowa zake ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri pokonzekera kumanga woyera chipinda msonkhano.
3.Zinthu Zina
Kuphatikiza pa zofunika ziwiri zazikulu za malo ndi chilengedwe, zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza kutsatiridwa kwa malo ogwirira ntchito m'chipinda choyera nthawi zambiri zimanyalanyazidwa ndi makampani opanga mapangidwe kapena zomangamanga, zomwe zimapangitsa kutentha kwambiri ndi chinyezi. Mwachitsanzo, chosakwanira kuganizira nyengo panja, osaganizira zida utsi mphamvu, zida kutentha m'badwo, zida fumbi kupanga ndi humidification mphamvu kwa anthu ambiri ogwira ntchito, etc.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-12-2023