Mu mafakitale ena, monga biopharmaceuticals, mafakitale azakudya, ndi zina zotero, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kupanga nyali za ultraviolet ndikofunikira. Pakupanga magetsi a chipinda choyera, chinthu chimodzi chomwe sichinganyalanyazidwe ndichakuti tiganizire zoyika nyali za ultraviolet. Kuyeretsa kwa ultraviolet ndi kuyeretsa pamwamba. Ndi chete, si poizoni ndipo ilibe zotsalira panthawi yoyeretsa. Ndi yotsika mtengo, yosinthasintha komanso yosavuta, kotero ili ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipinda zoyera, zipinda za nyama ndi ma laboratories omwe amafunika kuyeretsa m'mafakitale opaka mankhwala, komanso m'mafakitale opaka ndi kudzaza chakudya; Ponena za zamankhwala ndi zaumoyo, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipinda zogwirira ntchito, m'ma ward apadera ndi zochitika zina. Itha kudziwika malinga ndi zosowa za mwiniwake ngati kuyika nyali za ultraviolet.
1. Poyerekeza ndi njira zina monga kuyeretsa kutentha, kuyeretsa ozone, kuyeretsa pogwiritsa ntchito radiation, ndi kuyeretsa pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, kuyeretsa pogwiritsa ntchito ultraviolet kuli ndi ubwino wake:
a. Miyezo ya ultraviolet imagwira ntchito bwino polimbana ndi mabakiteriya onse ndipo ndi njira yoyeretsera mabakiteriya ambiri.
b. Sizikhudza chilichonse pa chinthu choyeretsera (chinthu chomwe chiyenera kuyikidwa ndi radiation).
c. Ikhoza kutsukidwa nthawi zonse ndipo ikhozanso kutsukidwa pamaso pa antchito.
d. Ndalama zochepa zogulira zida, ndalama zochepa zogwirira ntchito, komanso zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
2. Mphamvu ya kuwala kwa ultraviolet yopha mabakiteriya:
Mabakiteriya ndi mtundu wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timakhala ndi ma nucleic acid. Tikatenga mphamvu ya kuwala kwa ultraviolet, ma nucleic acids amachititsa kuwonongeka kwa photochemical, motero amapha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Kuwala kwa ultraviolet ndi mafunde osaoneka a electromagnetic okhala ndi kutalika kwaufupi kuposa kuwala kooneka kwa violet, okhala ndi kutalika kwa mafunde kwa 136 ~ 390 nm. Pakati pawo, kuwala kwa ultraviolet komwe kuli kutalika kwa mafunde kwa 253.7 nm ndi koopsa kwambiri. Nyali zopha tizilombo zimachokera pa izi ndipo zimapanga kuwala kwa ultraviolet kwa 253.7 nm. Kutalika kwa mafunde ambiri a nucleic acids ndi 250 ~ 260 nm, kotero nyali zopha tizilombo za ultraviolet zimakhala ndi mphamvu inayake yopha tizilombo. Komabe, mphamvu yolowera ya kuwala kwa ultraviolet ku zinthu zambiri ndi yofooka kwambiri, ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kokha poyeretsa pamwamba pa zinthu, ndipo ilibe mphamvu yoyeretsa pazigawo zomwe sizikuwonekera. Kuti ziwiya ndi zinthu zina ziume bwino, zigawo zonse za pamwamba, pansi, kumanzere, ndi kumanja ziyenera kutenthedwa ndi kuwala, ndipo mphamvu ya kuyeretsa ya kuwala kwa ultraviolet siingapitirire kwa nthawi yayitali, kotero kuyeretsa kuyenera kuchitika nthawi zonse malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili.
3. Mphamvu yowala ndi zotsatira zoyeretsera:
Mphamvu yotulutsa ma radiation imasiyana malinga ndi kutentha, chinyezi, liwiro la mphepo ndi zinthu zina zomwe zili m'malo omwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kutentha kozungulira kukakhala kochepa, mphamvu yotulutsa nayonso imakhala yotsika. Pamene chinyezi chikuwonjezeka, mphamvu yake yochotsera ma radiation imachepanso. Nyali za UV nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa kutengera chinyezi chapafupi ndi 60%. Chinyezi cha m'nyumba chikawonjezeka, kuchuluka kwa ma radiation kuyeneranso kukwera chifukwa mphamvu yochotsera ma radiation imachepa. Mwachitsanzo, pamene chinyezi chili 70%, 80%, ndi 90%, kuti tikwaniritse mphamvu yofanana yochotsera ma radiation, kuchuluka kwa ma radiation kuyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi 50%, 80%, ndi 90% motsatana. Liwiro la mphepo limakhudzanso mphamvu yotulutsa. Kuphatikiza apo, popeza mphamvu yopha mabakiteriya ya kuwala kwa ultraviolet imasiyana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabakiteriya, kuchuluka kwa ma radiation a ultraviolet kuyenera kusiyana pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabakiteriya. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa ma radiation omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha bowa ndi kokulirapo nthawi 40 mpaka 50 kuposa komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha mabakiteriya. Chifukwa chake, poganizira za mphamvu yoyeretsa ya nyali zophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda za ultraviolet, mphamvu ya kutalika kwa kukhazikitsa siinganyalanyazidwe. Mphamvu yoyeretsa ya nyali za ultraviolet imawonongeka pakapita nthawi. Mphamvu yotulutsa ya 100b imatengedwa ngati mphamvu yoyesedwa, ndipo nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito nyali ya ultraviolet kufika pa 70% ya mphamvu yoyesedwa imatengedwa ngati moyo wapakati. Nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito nyali ya ultraviolet ikapitirira moyo wapakati, zotsatira zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa sizingapezeke ndipo ziyenera kusinthidwa panthawiyi. Kawirikawiri, moyo wapakati wa nyali za ultraviolet zapakhomo ndi 2000h. Mphamvu yoyeretsa ya kuwala kwa ultraviolet imatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa kuwala kwake (kuchuluka kwa kuwala kwa nyali zophera tizilombo za ultraviolet kumathanso kutchedwa kuchuluka kwa mzere woyeretsa), ndipo kuchuluka kwa kuwala nthawi zonse kumakhala kofanana ndi mphamvu ya kuwala kochulukitsidwa ndi nthawi ya kuwala, kotero kuyenera kukhala mphamvu yowonjezera ya kuwala, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera mphamvu ya kuwala kapena kukulitsa nthawi ya kuwala.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-13-2023