MBIRI YACHIWIRI YA CLEAN ROOM

Wills Whitfield

Mutha kudziwa kuti chipinda choyera ndi chiyani, koma mukudziwa nthawi yomwe adayamba komanso chifukwa chiyani? Lero, tiyang'ana mwatsatanetsatane mbiri ya zipinda zoyera ndi mfundo zina zosangalatsa zomwe simungadziwe.

Chiyambi

Chipinda choyamba choyera chodziwika ndi akatswiri a mbiri yakale chidayamba chapakati pa zaka za m'ma 1800, pomwe malo otsekera anali kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipinda zopangira opaleshoni. Zipinda zamakono zaukhondo, komabe, zidapangidwa m'nthawi ya WWII pomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga ndi kupanga zida zapamwamba m'malo opanda kanthu komanso otetezeka. Panthawi yankhondo, opanga mafakitale aku US ndi UK adapanga akasinja, ndege, ndi mfuti, zomwe zidathandizira kuti nkhondoyo ipambane komanso kupereka zida zankhondo zomwe zidafunikira.
Ngakhale kuti palibe tsiku lenileni lomwe lingatchulidwe nthawi yomwe chipinda choyamba choyera chinalipo, zimadziwika kuti zosefera za HEPA zinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipinda zoyera pofika kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1950. Ena amakhulupirira kuti zipinda zaukhondo zinayambira pa Nkhondo Yadziko I pamene panali kufunika kolekanitsa malo ogwirira ntchito kuti achepetse kuipitsidwa pakati pa malo opangira zinthu.
Mosasamala kanthu kuti zinakhazikitsidwa liti, vuto linali loipitsidwa, ndipo zipinda zaukhondo zinali yankho. Kukula kosalekeza ndikusintha mosalekeza kuti mapulojekiti, kafukufuku, ndi kupanga, zipinda zoyera monga momwe tikuzidziwira masiku ano zizindikirike chifukwa cha kuchepa kwawo kwa zoipitsa ndi zowononga.

Zipinda zamakono zoyera

Zipinda zoyera zomwe mukuzidziwa lero zidakhazikitsidwa koyamba ndi wasayansi waku America Wills Whitfield. Asanalengedwe, zipinda zoyera zinali zoipitsidwa chifukwa cha tinthu tating'ono komanso mpweya wosadziwika bwino m'chipinda chonsecho. Powona vuto lomwe liyenera kuthetsedwa, Whitfield adapanga zipinda zoyera zokhala ndi mpweya wokhazikika, wosasunthika, womwe ndi womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipinda zoyera masiku ano.
Zipinda zoyera zimatha kukula mosiyanasiyana ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana monga kafukufuku wasayansi, uinjiniya wamapulogalamu ndi kupanga, mlengalenga, ndi kupanga mankhwala. Ngakhale kuti “ukhondo” wa zipinda zaukhondo wasintha kwa zaka zambiri, cholinga chawo sichinasinthe. Monga kusinthika kwa chilichonse, tikuyembekeza kusinthika kwa zipinda zoyera kupitilira, pomwe kafukufuku wochulukira akuchitidwa komanso makina osefera mpweya akupitilizabe kuyenda bwino.
Mwina mumadziwa kale mbiri ya zipinda zoyera kapena mwina simunadziwe, koma tikuganiza kuti simukudziwa zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa. Monga akatswiri a zipinda zoyera, kupatsa makasitomala athu zinthu zaukhondo zapamwamba zomwe amafunikira kuti akhale otetezeka pamene akugwira ntchito, tinaganiza kuti mungafune kudziwa mfundo zosangalatsa kwambiri za zipinda zaukhondo. Kenako, mutha kuphunzira chinthu chimodzi kapena ziwiri zomwe mukufuna kugawana.

Zinthu zisanu zomwe simunadziwe za zipinda zoyera

1. Kodi mumadziwa kuti munthu wosayenda waima m'chipinda choyera amatulutsabe tinthu toposa 100,000 pa mphindi imodzi? Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuvala zovala zoyera zoyera zomwe mungapeze pano pa sitolo yathu. Zinthu zinayi zapamwamba zomwe muyenera kuvala m'chipinda choyera ziyenera kukhala chipewa, chophimba / epuloni, chigoba ndi magolovesi.
2. NASA imadalira zipinda zoyera kuti zipitirize kukula kwa pulogalamu ya mlengalenga komanso kupitirizabe chitukuko cha luso la kayendedwe ka mpweya ndi kusefera.
3. Makampani azakudya akuchulukirachulukira akugwiritsa ntchito zipinda zaukhondo kupanga zinthu zomwe zimadalira ukhondo wapamwamba.
4. Zipinda zoyera zimayesedwa ndi kalasi yawo, zomwe zimatengera kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono topezeka m'chipindamo nthawi iliyonse.
5. Pali mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana ya kuipitsidwa yomwe ingapangitse kulephera kwa mankhwala ndi kuyesa kolakwika ndi zotsatira zake, monga tizilombo tating'onoting'ono, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta mpweya. Zida zoyera zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito zimatha kuchepetsa vuto la kuipitsidwa monga zopukuta, zosefera, ndi zothetsera.
Tsopano, mutha kunena kuti mukudziwa zonse zokhuza zipinda zoyera. Chabwino, mwina si zonse, koma mukudziwa yemwe mungakhulupirire kuti akupatseni zonse zomwe mukufuna mukugwira ntchito m'chipinda choyera.