Cleanroom engineering imatanthawuza pulojekiti yomwe imatenga njira zingapo zodzitetezera ndikuwongolera kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa zoipitsa zachilengedwe komanso kukhala aukhondo kuti akwaniritse zofunikira zina zaukhondo, kuti agwirizane ndi zofunikira zinazake. Cleanroom engineering imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga zamagetsi, chakudya, mankhwala, bioengineering, ndi biomedicine. Masitepewo ndi ovuta komanso okhwima, ndipo zofunikira ndizokhwima. Otsatirawa afotokoza masitepe ndi zofunikira za uinjiniya wa zipinda zoyera kuyambira magawo atatu akupanga, kumanga, ndi kuvomereza.
1. Gawo la mapangidwe
Pakadali pano, ndikofunikira kumveketsa bwino zinthu zofunika monga ukhondo, kusankha kwa zida zomangira ndi zida, komanso masanjidwe a pulani yomanga.
(1). Dziwani kuchuluka kwa ukhondo. Malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni za polojekitiyi ndi miyezo yamakampani, dziwani zofunikira pamlingo waukhondo. Mulingo waukhondo nthawi zambiri umagawidwa m'magulu angapo, kuyambira apamwamba mpaka otsika, A, B, C ndi D, omwe A ali ndi zofunikira zaukhondo.
(2). Sankhani zipangizo ndi zipangizo zoyenera. Panthawi yopangira, ndikofunikira kusankha zida zomangira ndi zida malinga ndi zofunikira zaukhondo. Zida zomwe sizidzatulutsa fumbi lambiri ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi zida ndi zida zomwe zimathandizira pomanga zomangamanga zoyeretsa zipinda ziyenera kusankhidwa.
(3). Kupanga ndege yomanga. Malingana ndi zofunikira za msinkhu waukhondo ndi kayendetsedwe ka ntchito, mapangidwe a ndege yomanga amapangidwa. Mapangidwe a ndege yomanga ayenera kukhala omveka, kukwaniritsa zofunikira za polojekiti komanso kukonza bwino.
2. Gawo la zomangamanga
Ntchito yomanga ikamalizidwa, gawo lomanga limayamba. Mugawoli, ntchito zingapo monga kugula zinthu, kumanga pulojekiti ndi kukhazikitsa zida ziyenera kuchitika molingana ndi zofunikira za mapangidwe.
(1). Kugula zinthu. Malingana ndi zofunikira za mapangidwe, sankhani zipangizo zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zaukhondo ndikuzigula.
(2). Kukonzekera kwa maziko. Yeretsani malo omangira ndikusintha chilengedwe kuti muwonetsetse kuti pakufunika ukhondo wa mazikowo.
(3). Ntchito yomanga. Chitani ntchito zomanga molingana ndi kapangidwe kake. Ntchito zomanga ziyenera kutsata miyezo yoyenera ndi zowunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuti fumbi, tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi zowononga zina sizimayambitsidwa panthawi yomanga.
(4). Kuyika zida. Ikani zidazo molingana ndi zomwe zidapangidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti zidazo zili bwino komanso zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zaukhondo.
(5). Kuwongolera njira. Panthawi yomanga, kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake kayenera kuyendetsedwa bwino kuti zisalowetse zonyansa. Mwachitsanzo, ogwira ntchito yomanga ayenera kutenga njira zodzitetezera kuti zonyansa monga tsitsi ndi ulusi zisayandame m'dera la ntchitoyo.
(6). Kuyeretsa mpweya. Panthawi yomanga, malo abwino a chilengedwe ayenera kupangidwa, kuyeretsa mpweya kuyenera kuchitidwa pamalo omanga, ndipo magwero oipitsidwa ayenera kuyendetsedwa.
(7). Kuwongolera pa tsamba. Muziyang’anira bwino malo omangawo, kuphatikizapo kuyang’anira antchito ndi katundu wolowa ndi kutuluka, kuyeretsa malo omangawo, ndi kutseka kotheratu. Pewani zowononga zakunja kulowa m'dera la polojekiti.
3. Gawo lovomerezeka
Ntchito yomangayo ikamalizidwa, kuvomereza kumafunika. Cholinga cha kuvomereza ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito yomanga ya chipinda choyeretsera ikukwaniritsa zofunikira ndi miyezo.
(1). Mayeso a ukhondo. Kuyezetsa ukhondo kumachitika pa ntchito yoyeretsa pambuyo pomanga. Njira yoyesera nthawi zambiri imatenga zitsanzo za mpweya kuti mudziwe ukhondo wa malo oyera pozindikira kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono.
(2). Kuyerekeza kusanthula. Fananizani ndi kusanthula zotsatira zoyesa ndi zofunikira pakupanga kuti muwone ngati mtundu wa zomangamanga ukukwaniritsa zofunikira.
(3). Kuyendera mwachisawawa. Kuyendera mwachisawawa kumachitika pazigawo zingapo zomanga kuti zitsimikizire kudalirika kwa ntchito yomanga.
(4). Njira zowongolera. Zikapezeka kuti luso la zomangamanga silikukwaniritsa zofunikira, njira zowongolera zofananira ziyenera kukonzedwa ndikuwongolera.
(5). Zolemba zomanga. Zolemba zomanga zimapangidwa, kuphatikiza deta yowunikira, zolemba zogulira zinthu, zolemba zoyika zida, ndi zina zambiri panthawi yomanga. Zolemba izi ndi maziko ofunikira pakukonza ndi kasamalidwe kotsatira.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-12-2025