Nkhani Zofunika Kusamala Pokonza Zipinda

1: Kukonzekera ntchito yomanga

1) Kutsimikizira momwe zinthu zilili pamalopo

① Tsimikizirani kuphwanyidwa, kusungidwa ndi kulembedwa kwa malo oyamba; kambiranani momwe mungagwirire ndikusamutsira zinthu zomwe zaphwanyidwa.

② Tsimikizirani zinthu zomwe zasinthidwa, kuchotsedwa, ndi kusungidwa mu mipope yoyambirira ya mpweya ndi mapaipi osiyanasiyana, ndipo zilembeni chizindikiro; dziwani komwe mipope ya mpweya ndi mapaipi osiyanasiyana amachokera, ndikuwonetsa momwe zinthu zina zowonjezerera mpweya zimagwirira ntchito, ndi zina zotero zimagwirira ntchito.

③ Tsimikizirani malo a denga ndi pansi pa malo omwe akukonzedwanso komanso malo akuluakulu omwe akuwonjezedwa, ndikutsimikizira mphamvu yoyenera yonyamulira, momwe zinthu zingakhudzire malo ozungulira, ndi zina zotero, monga nsanja zoziziritsira, mafiriji, ma transformer, zida zochizira zinthu zoopsa, ndi zina zotero.

2) Kuyang'ana momwe polojekitiyi ilili poyamba

① Yang'anani mapulaneti akuluakulu ndi miyeso ya malo a polojekiti yomwe ilipo, gwiritsani ntchito zida zoyenera kuti mupange miyeso yofunikira, ndikuyerekeza ndikutsimikizira ndi deta yomwe yamalizidwa.

② Yerekezerani kuchuluka kwa ntchito zomwe zikupezeka m'malo ndi mapaipi osiyanasiyana omwe akufunika kuchotsedwa, kuphatikizapo njira ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito zomwe zikufunika ponyamula ndi kukonza.

③ Tsimikizirani mphamvu ndi zinthu zina zomwe zikuchitika panthawi yomanga, komanso momwe magetsi oyambira ayenera kugwiritsidwira ntchito, ndipo muzizindikire.

④Kugwirizanitsa njira zomangira nyumba ndi njira zodzitetezera.

3) Kukonzekera kuyamba ntchito

① Nthawi zambiri nthawi yokonzanso imakhala yochepa, choncho zida ndi zipangizo ziyenera kuyitanidwa pasadakhale kuti ntchito yomanga ikhale yosalala ntchito ikayamba.

②Jambulani maziko, kuphatikizapo mizere yoyambira ya makoma oyera a chipinda, denga, mipope yayikulu ya mpweya ndi mapaipi ofunikira.

③ Dziwani malo osungiramo zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndi malo ofunikira okonzera zinthu pamalopo.

④ Konzani magetsi akanthawi, madzi ndi gasi kuti mugwiritse ntchito pomanga.

⑤ Konzani malo ofunikira ozimitsa moto ndi malo ena otetezera pamalo omanga, phunzitsani ogwira ntchito yomanga zachitetezo, ndi malamulo achitetezo pambuyo pa ntchito, ndi zina zotero.

⑥ Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti ntchito yomanga zipinda zoyera ndi yabwino, ogwira ntchito yomanga ayenera kuphunzitsidwa luso laukadaulo la zipinda zoyera, zofunikira zokhudzana ndi chitetezo ndi zofunikira zinazake kutengera momwe zinthu zilili pakukonzanso chipinda choyera, ndikupereka zofunikira ndi malamulo ofunikira pa zovala, kukhazikitsa makina, zinthu zoyeretsera ndi zinthu zodzitetezera mwadzidzidzi.

2: Gawo lomanga

1) Ntchito yogwetsa

① Yesetsani kuti musagwiritse ntchito njira zoyatsira moto, makamaka pochotsa mapaipi oyaka moto, ophulika, owononga, komanso owopsa komanso mapaipi otulutsa utsi. Ngati ntchito zoyatsira moto ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, onetsetsani kuti patatha ola limodzi lokha palibe vuto lomwe mungatsegule malowo bwino.

② Pa ntchito yogwetsa yomwe ingabweretse kugwedezeka, phokoso, ndi zina zotero, mgwirizano ndi magulu ofunikira uyenera kuchitika pasadakhale kuti mudziwe nthawi yomanga.

③ Ikachotsedwa pang'ono ndipo ziwalo zotsalazo sizikuchotsedwa kapena zikadali zofunikira kugwiritsidwa ntchito, kuchotsedwa kwa dongosolo ndi ntchito yoyesera yofunikira (kuyenda, kuthamanga, ndi zina zotero) musanachotsedwe ziyenera kuchitidwa bwino: Pochotsa magetsi, katswiri wamagetsi ayenera kukhala pamalopo kuti agwire ntchito zokhudzana ndi chitetezo ndi ntchito.

2) Kupanga njira zoyendetsera mpweya

① Chitani ntchito yomanga pamalopo motsatira malamulo oyenera, ndipo pangani malamulo omanga ndi chitetezo kutengera momwe malo okonzanso alili.

② Yang'anani bwino ndikusunga mipope yolowera mpweya yomwe ikuyenera kuyikidwa pamalo osunthira, sungani mkati ndi kunja kwa mipopeyo kukhala yoyera, ndipo sungani malekezero onse awiri ndi mapepala apulasitiki.

③ Kugwedezeka kudzachitika mukakhazikitsa mabotolo a hema osema kuti mukweze, kotero muyenera kugwirizana ndi mwiniwake ndi antchito ena ofunikira pasadakhale; chotsani filimu yotsekera musanakweze mpweya, ndikupukuta mkati musanakweze. Musadandaule kuti zigawo zoyambazo sizingawonongeke mosavuta (monga mapaipi apulasitiki, zigawo zotetezera kutentha, ndi zina zotero) sizingapanikizidwe, ndipo njira zodzitetezera ziyenera kutengedwa.

3) Kupanga mapaipi ndi mawaya

① Ntchito yowotcherera yomwe ikufunika polumikiza mapaipi ndi mawaya iyenera kukhala ndi zida zozimitsira moto, mabolodi a asbestos, ndi zina zotero.

② Chitani zinthu motsatira malamulo oyenera okhudza kuvomereza ntchito yomanga mapaipi ndi mawaya. Ngati kuyesa kwa hydraulic sikuloledwa pafupi ndi malo ogwirira ntchito, kuyesa kuthamanga kwa mpweya kungagwiritsidwe ntchito, koma njira zotetezera ziyenera kutsatiridwa motsatira malamulo.

③ Mukalumikiza mapaipi oyambirira, njira zaukadaulo zotetezera ziyenera kukonzedwa pasadakhale musanayambe komanso panthawi yolumikiza, makamaka polumikiza mapaipi oyaka moto komanso oopsa a mpweya ndi madzi; panthawi yogwira ntchito, ogwira ntchito yoyang'anira chitetezo ochokera kumagulu oyenera ayenera kukhalapo ndipo ndi ofunikira. Konzani nthawi zonse zida zozimitsira moto.

④ Pakumanga mapaipi onyamula zinthu zoyera kwambiri, kuwonjezera pa kutsatira malamulo oyenera, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa pa kuyeretsa, kuyeretsa ndi kuyesa kuyera polumikiza ku mapaipi oyambilira.

4) Kumanga mapaipi apadera a gasi

① Pa makina a mapaipi omwe amanyamula zinthu zoopsa, zoyaka, zophulika, komanso zowononga, kapangidwe kotetezeka ndikofunikira kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, malamulo a "Kukonzanso Mapaipi Apadera a Gasi ndi Kukulitsa Uinjiniya" mu muyezo wadziko lonse wa "Special Gas System Engineering Technical Standard" atchulidwa pansipa. . Malamulowa ayenera kutsatiridwa mosamalitsa osati pa mapaipi a "gasi wapadera" okha, komanso pamakina onse a mapaipi omwe amanyamula zinthu zoopsa, zoyaka, komanso zowononga.

②Kumanga pulojekiti yapadera yogwetsa mapaipi a gasi kuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira izi. Gawo lomanga liyenera kukonzekera dongosolo lomanga lisanayambe ntchito. Zomwe zili mkati mwake ziyenera kukhala ndi zigawo zofunika, njira zodzitetezera panthawi yogwira ntchito, kuyang'anira njira zoopsa zogwirira ntchito, mapulani adzidzidzi, manambala olumikizirana ndi anthu odzipereka omwe ali ndi udindo. Ogwira ntchito yomanga ayenera kupatsidwa chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane chaukadaulo chokhudza zoopsa zomwe zingachitike. Nenani zoona.

③ Ngati moto wagwa, zinthu zoopsa zitatayikira, kapena ngozi zina panthawi yogwira ntchito, muyenera kumvera lamulo logwirizana ndikutuluka motsatira njira yothawira. . Mukachita ntchito zoyatsira moto monga kuwotcherera panthawi yomanga, muyenera kupeza chilolezo choyatsira moto ndi chilolezo chogwiritsa ntchito malo otetezera moto omwe aperekedwa ndi gulu lomanga.

④ Njira zodzipatula kwakanthawi ndi zizindikiro zochenjeza zoopsa ziyenera kutsatiridwa pakati pa malo opangira ndi malo omanga. Ogwira ntchito yomanga amaletsedwa kulowa m'malo osagwirizana ndi zomangamanga. Ogwira ntchito zaukadaulo ochokera kwa mwiniwake ndi gulu lomanga ayenera kukhalapo pamalo omanga. Kutsegula ndi kutseka chitseko cha maukonde, kusintha magetsi, ndi ntchito zosinthira mpweya ziyenera kumalizidwa ndi antchito odzipereka motsogozedwa ndi ogwira ntchito zaukadaulo a mwiniwake. Ntchito popanda chilolezo ndizoletsedwa. Pa ntchito yodula ndi kusintha, payipi yonse yodulidwa ndi malo odulira ziyenera kulembedwa bwino pasadakhale. Paipi yolembedwa iyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi mwiniwake ndi ogwira ntchito zaukadaulo a gulu lomanga pamalopo kuti apewe kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika.

⑤ Musanapange, mpweya wapadera womwe uli mu payipi uyenera kusinthidwa ndi nayitrogeni woyeretsedwa kwambiri, ndipo makina a payipi ayenera kuchotsedwa. Mpweya wosinthidwa uyenera kukonzedwa ndi chipangizo choyeretsera mpweya wotuluka utsi ndikutulutsidwa mutakwaniritsa miyezo. Paipi yosinthidwayo iyenera kudzazidwa ndi nayitrogeni wochepa mphamvu musanadule, ndipo ntchitoyo iyenera kuchitika pansi pa kupanikizika kwabwino mu payipi.

⑥ Ntchito yomanga ikatha ndipo mayeso atavomerezedwa, mpweya womwe uli mu dongosolo la mapaipi uyenera kusinthidwa ndi nayitrogeni ndipo payipiyo iyenera kuchotsedwa.

3: Kuyang'anira zomangamanga, kuvomereza ndi kuyesa ntchito

① Kuvomereza kwathunthu chipinda choyera chokonzedwanso. Choyamba, gawo lililonse liyenera kuyesedwa ndikuvomerezedwa malinga ndi miyezo ndi zofunikira zoyenera. Chomwe chiyenera kutsindika apa ndikuwunika ndi kuvomereza magawo oyenera a nyumba yoyambirira ndi makina. Kuyang'anira ndi kuvomereza kwina kokha sikungatsimikizire kuti kungakwaniritse zofunikira za "zolinga zokonzanso". Ayeneranso kutsimikiziridwa kudzera mu ntchito yoyesera. Chifukwa chake, sikuti kungomaliza kuvomereza komaliza, komanso kumafunikira gawo lomanga kuti ligwire ntchito ndi mwiniwake kuti achite mayeso.

② Kuyesa kugwiritsa ntchito chipinda choyera chosinthidwa. Machitidwe onse oyenera, malo ndi zida zomwe zikugwira ntchito pakusinthaku ziyenera kuyesedwa chimodzi ndi chimodzi malinga ndi miyezo yoyenera ndi zofunikira komanso mogwirizana ndi mikhalidwe yeniyeni ya polojekitiyi. Malangizo ndi zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito mayeso ziyenera kupangidwa. Pakuyesa, chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa pakuyang'ana gawo lolumikizira ndi makina oyamba. Makina atsopano a mapaipi sayenera kuipitsa makina oyamba. Kuyang'anira ndi kuyesa kuyenera kuchitika musanalumikize. Njira zodzitetezera zofunika ziyenera kutengedwa panthawi yolumikizira. Kuyesa pambuyo pa kulumikizana Ntchitoyi iyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikuyesedwa mosamala, ndipo ntchito yoyesera ikhoza kumalizidwa pokhapokha ngati zofunikira zakwaniritsidwa.