Magwero a tinthu tating'onoting'ono amagawika m'matumbo, tinthu tating'ono, ndi tinthu tamoyo. Kwa thupi la munthu, ndizosavuta kuyambitsa matenda opuma komanso m'mapapo, ndipo zingayambitsenso ziwopsezo ndi matenda opatsirana kwambiri; Kwa tchipisi cha silicon, zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi fumbi zidzayambitsa kumverera kapena madera akufupikitsa ophatikizika, kuti zitsambasule ntchito zogwirira ntchito, motero kuwongolera magwero a Micro-porser kwakhala gawo lofunikira la kasamalidwe ka chipinda.
Kufunika kwa chilengedwe kuchipinda cha chipinda cha mabodza powonetsetsa kuti zachilengedwe zomwe zimapanga chilengedwe zimakwaniritsa miyezo yapaderayi, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri kwa mafakitale ambiri. Zotsatirazi ndizofunikira komanso gawo lina la chilengedwe chokwanira kuchipatala:
1. Onetsetsani kuti ntchito yabwino
1.1 Kupewa kuipitsa: m'mafakitale monga semicondectors, mankhwala opangira mankhwala, ndi zida zamankhwala, tinthu tating'onoting'ono timayambitsa vuto kapena zolephera. Mwa kuwongolera mpweya wabwino komanso tinthu tating'onoting'ono tinthu todetsa bwino, odetsawa amatha kulephera kukhudza chinthucho.
Kuphatikiza pa ndalama zoyambirira za zida zoyambirira, kukonza ndi kuyendetsa kwa chipinda choyera koyera kumafunikiranso dongosolo labwino "la mapulogalamu a" kuti mukhale ndi ukhondo. Ogwiritsa ntchitowa ali ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri paukhondo wa chipinda choyera. Ogwiritsa ntchito akalowa mu chipinda choyera, fumbi limachuluka kwambiri. Pakakhala anthu akuyenda mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo, ukhondo umawonongeka. Zitha kuwoneka kuti chifukwa chachikulu chowonongeka kwa ukhondo ndi zinthu za anthu.
1.2 Kusasinthika: Malo otetezeka chipinda amathandizira kusasinthasintha komanso kubwereza kotero ndikuwonetsetsa kuti muli bwino.
Ponena za galasi lalikulu, zomata za magwero zimangogwetsa pagalasi gawo lagalasi, mabwalo afupiafupi ndi thovu, ndi zina zosauka, zomwe zimapangitsa kugundana. Chifukwa chake, kudziletsa kwa magwero kuwonongeka kwakhala gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera chipinda.
Chotupa chakunja ndi kupewa
Chipinda choyera chiyenera kukhala ndi nkhawa yabwino (> 0.5mm / hg), chitani ntchito yabwino mu pulojekiti yoyamba yokonza, ndikupukuta ndi zopangidwa, zida, zoperewera kubweretsa iwo m'chipinda choyera. Nthawi yomweyo, zida zoyeretsera zimafunikira kuti zigawidwe bwino ndikusinthidwa kapena kutsukidwa pafupipafupi.
M'badwo wa fumbi komanso kupewa m'zipinda zoyera
Kusankha koyenera kwa chipinda choyera monga mabodi ndi pansi, kuwongolera m'badwo wokhazikika m'makonzedwe akomweko, mwachitsanzo, ogwira ntchito, opanga mafomu ambiri amasuntha m'malo awo, komanso njira zowonjezera monga kuwonjezera Masa omata amatengedwa kudera lapadera.
2. Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito
2.1 Chepetsani kuchuluka kwa Sprap: Mwa kuchepetsa zosayenera ndi zodetsa zopanga, kuchuluka kwa scrap kungachepetse, kuchuluka kwa zokolola kungawonjezeke, motero kusintha kwa ntchito yopanga kumatha kusintha.
Mwachitsanzo: Pali magawo 600 pakupanga opanga. Ngati zokolola za njira iliyonse ndi 99%, kodi zokolola zamitundu 600 ndizotani? Yankho: 0.99600 = 0.24%.
Kuti mupange njira yotheka kuthekera kwachuma, kodi zokolola za gawo lililonse zikufunika bwanji?
• 0.999600 = 54.8%
• 0.999600 = 94.2%
Njira iliyonse yomwe imapereka ikufunika kufikira 99.99% kuti mukwaniritse njira zomaliza zokolola zoposa 90%, ndipo kuipitsidwa kwa micularticy kumakhudza mwachindunji kutengera njira.
2.2 Imathandizirani njirayi: Kugwiritsa ntchito malo oyera kumatha kuchepetsa nthawi yoyeretsa komanso yothandizanso, kupanga njira zopangira bwino.
3. Onetsetsani kuti azachipatala ndi chitetezo
3.1 Zaumoyo: Pazinthu zina zopanga zomwe zingatulutse zinthu zovulaza, zipinda zoyera zimatha kuletsa zinthu zakunja ndikuteteza thanzi la ogwira ntchito. Popeza kukula kwa mtundu wa anthu, ukadaulo, zida ndi chidziwitso zasintha, koma mpweya wabwino wabwezeretsa. Munthu amakhala pafupifupi 270,000 m3 ya mpweya mu moyo wake, ndipo amakhala 70% mpaka 90% ya nthawi yake m'nyumba. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timasungunuka ndi thupi la munthu ndikuyikidwa munthawi yopumira. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono to 5 to 30um zimayikidwa mu nasopharynx, ma tinthu a 1 mpaka 5um amayikidwa mu trachea ndi bronchi, ndipo tinthu tating'onoting'ono timayikidwa khoma la alveolalalar khoma.
Anthu omwe ali mchipinda chosakwanira mpweya wambiri kwa nthawi yayitali amangokonda "inoor syndrome", ndi zizindikiro monga mutu, chifuwa, komanso kutopa, komanso kutopa kwa matenda a dongosolo. dziko langa la dziko la GB / T18883-2002 limafotokoza kuti voliyumu yatsopanoyi iyenera kukhala yochepera 30m3 / h. Munthu.
Kuchulukitsa kwa mpweya wabwino kwa mpweya kuyenera kutenga mtengo waukulu wa zinthu ziwiri zotsatirazi:
a. Chiwerengero cha voliyumu ya mpweya chikufunika kuti chibwezereni voliyumu yotsitsimutsa iloor ndikuwonetsetsa kuti akukakamiza.
b. Onetsetsani kuti mpweya wabwino wofunidwa ndi ogwira ntchito m'chipinda choyera. Malinga ndi mawonekedwe oyera, voliyumu yatsopanoyi kwa munthu pa ola lililonse siyochepera 40m3.
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4. Kumanani ndi Zofunikira ndi Zofunikira
41 Miyezo yambiri: mafakitale ambiri ali ndi ukhondo wokwanira mokwanira (monga Iso 14644), ndipo kuyenera kupanga kumayenera kuchitika m'malo oyeretsa. Kutsatira miyezo imeneyi si kofunikira kokha, komanso chiwonetsero cha mpikisano wopikisana.
Patsamba loyeretsa, yoyera, pazenera lotulutsa, lotupitsa lan, loyera, loyera, loyera, loyera, ndikofunikira kusintha njira zoyenerera zaukhondo Zogulitsa zomwe zilipo kuti zikhale zodalirika zodalirika.
4.2 Chitsimikizo ndi Audit: Patulani zowunikira za chipani chachitatu ndikupeza chitsimikizo (monga gmp, ISO 9001, etc.) kuti muwonjezere kudaliridwa kwamakasitomala ndikuwonjezera mwayi wowonjezera.
5. kulimbikitsa zatsopano za ukadaulo
5.1 R & D & D & D & D Oyera Amapereka Zoyeserera Zabwino Kwambiri Zochita Zapamwamba za Ntchito Zapamwamba ndikuthandizira kukulitsa chitukuko chatsopano.
5.2 Kutsanzira: Mothandizidwa ndi malo oyendetsedwa bwino, ndizosavuta kuwona ndikuwunika momwe njira zimasinthira pamachitidwe azogulitsa, potero amalimbikitsa kusintha.
6. Etheever chithunzi
6.1 Chitsimikiziro Choyera: Kukhala ndi malo oyenera opanga opanga omwe angakuletse chithunzi cha mtundu ndikuwonjezera kasitomala kudalirika.
Kupikisana kwa msika: Zinthu zomwe zitha kupangidwa m'malo oyera nthawi zambiri zimawonedwa ngati chizindikiro cha kudalirika kwambiri komanso kudalirika kwakukulu, komwe kumathandiza makampani opezeka pamsika wamagetsi.
7. Chepetsani kukonza ndi kukonza ndalama
7.1 Litalika Zida: Zida Zopangira ndi Zida Zogwirira Pamalo Oyera sizingatengeke ndi kuwonongeka ndi kuvala, potero kumangitsa moyo wa ntchito ndikuchepetsa pafupipafupi komanso ndalama.
7.2 Chepetsani Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu: Mukamasankha kapangidwe ka zipinda zoyera, kusintha mphamvu, kuchepetsa mphamvu zowononga ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito.
Mfundo Zinayi Zoyeretsa Chipinda Kasamalidwe:
1. Osabweretsa:
Chingwe cha yuvale sichitha kutaya.
Kusintha komwe kumapangidwira kuyenera kusungidwa m'nyumba.
Ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kusintha zovala ndikulowetsa chipinda choyera pambuyo posamba mpweya.
Zipangizo zonse, zida, ndi zida zimayenera kutsukidwa asanabweretsedwe.
2. Osatulutsa:
Anthu ayenera kuvala zovala zopanda fumbi.
Chepetsani zochita zosafunikira.
Osagwiritsa ntchito zida zomwe ndizosavuta kupanga fumbi.
Zinthu zosafunikira sizingabweretsedwe.
3. Osadziunjikira:
Pasakhale ngodya ndi makina osokoneza makina omwe ndi ovuta kapena oyera.
Yesani kuchepetsa ma ducts owonekera, mapaipi amadzi, etc. m'nyumba.
Kuyeretsa kuyenera kuchitika molingana ndi njira zofananira ndi nthawi zina.
4. Chotsani nthawi yomweyo:
Onjezerani kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa mpweya.
Kutulutsa pafupi ndi fumbi kuloza gawo.
Sinthani mawonekedwe a mpweya kuti muchepetse fumbi kuti lisatsatire malonda.
Mwachidule, chilengedwe chachilengedwe kuchipinda ndi choyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti muwonetsetse kuti malonda, kukonza bwino ntchito, kuteteza anthu ogwira ntchito, ndikulimbikitsa mtundu wa ukadaulo, ndikulimbikitsa chithunzi cha mtundu. Mabizinesi ayenera kuganizira zinthu izi pomanga ndi kusunga zipinda zoyera kuti zitsimikizire kuti malo oyera atha kukwaniritsa zosowa za kupanga ndi R & d.
Post Nthawi: Feb-12-2025