Ndi chitukuko chofulumira chamakampani amakono, malo ochitiramo ntchito zoyeretsa m'chipinda choyera akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mbali zonse za moyo, koma anthu ambiri alibe chidziwitso chokwanira cha zokambirana za m'chipinda choyera, makamaka akatswiri ena okhudzana, zomwe zingayambitse kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika malo ogwirira ntchito m'chipinda choyera, zomwe zimabweretsa kuwonongeka kwa malo ochitira msonkhano komanso kuchuluka kwa zinthu zolakwika. Ndiye kodi chipinda chaukhondo ndi chiyani? Kodi agawika ndi zoyezera zotani? Momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito moyenera ndikusunga bwino malo ochitiramo ukhondo mchipindacho?
Malo oyeretsera m'chipinda choyera amatchedwanso chipinda chopanda fumbi. Zimatanthawuza chipinda chopangidwa mwapadera chomwe chimachotsa zowononga monga ma microparticles, mpweya wovulaza, ndi mabakiteriya omwe ali mumlengalenga mkati mwa malo enaake, ndikuwongolera kutentha kwa m'nyumba, ukhondo, kupanikizika kwa m'nyumba, kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndi kugawa kwa mpweya, kugwedezeka kwa phokoso, kuyatsa, ndi magetsi osasunthika mkati mwa zofunikira zina.
Mwachidule, malo ochitiramo ukhondo mchipindacho adapangidwa kuti akhale malo okhazikika opangira omwe amafunikira milingo yaukhondo m'malo ena opanga. Ili ndi mwayi wogwiritsa ntchito ma microelectronics, ukadaulo wa opto-magnetic, bioengineering, zida zamagetsi, zida zolondola, zakuthambo, mafakitale azakudya, mafakitale odzola, kafukufuku wasayansi ndi kuphunzitsa, ndi zina.
Pali miyezo itatu yayikulu yogawa zipinda zoyera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri masiku ano.
1. Muyezo wa ISO wa International Organisation for Standardization: kuyeza kwa chipinda choyera kutengera fumbi pa kiyubiki mita ya mpweya.
2. Muyezo wa FS 209D wa ku United States: kutengera zomwe zili mkati mwa kiyubiki imodzi ya mpweya monga maziko ake.
3. GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice) mlingo mlingo: makamaka makampani opanga mankhwala. Zing'onozing'ono zamtengo wapatali, zimakweza msinkhu wa ukhondo.
Ambiri ogwiritsa ntchito zipinda zoyeretsera amadziwa kupeza gulu la akatswiri oti amange koma amanyalanyaza kasamalidwe komaliza, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zipinda zina zoyera zikhale zoyenera zikaperekedwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito. Pambuyo pa nthawi yogwira ntchito, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tambiri timachulukirachulukira, kotero kuti kuchuluka kwa zinthu zolakwika kumawonjezeka, ndipo ena amasiyidwa.
Ntchito yokonza zimbudzi ndizofunikira kwambiri. Sizokhudzana ndi khalidwe la mankhwala, komanso zimakhudza moyo wautumiki wa zipinda zoyera. Posanthula kuchuluka kwa magwero oipitsa zipinda zoyera, kuipitsa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha anthu kumafikira 80%. Ndibwino kwambiri tinthu tating'onoting'ono komanso kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo.
(1) Ogwira ntchito ayenera kuvala zovala zopanda fumbi asanalowe m’chipinda choyera.
Zovala zodzitchinjiriza zodzitchinjiriza zimaphatikizapo zovala zotsutsana ndi ma static, nsapato za anti-static, zisoti za anti-static ndi zinthu zina. Amatha kufika pamlingo waukhondo wa kalasi 1,000 ndi 10,000 kupyolera mu kusamba mobwerezabwereza. Zinthu zotsutsana ndi malo amodzi zimatha kuchepetsa kutengeka kwa fumbi, tsitsi ndi zoipitsa zina zabwino, ndipo nthawi yomweyo zimatha kudzipatula thukuta, dandruff, mabakiteriya ndi zinthu zina zopangidwa ndi kagayidwe ka anthu. Chepetsani kuipitsa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha anthu.
(2) Gwiritsani ntchito zopukuta zoyenerera malinga ndi mulingo wachipinda choyera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opukuta osayenera ndikosavuta kupiritsa ndi dandruff, kuswana mabakiteriya, osati kungoipitsa malo ochitira msonkhano, komanso kumayambitsa kuipitsidwa kwazinthu.
Wopangidwa ndi ulusi wautali wa poliyesitala kapena ulusi wautali kwambiri, umakhala wofewa komanso wosakhwima, umakhala wosinthika bwino, ndipo umalimbana bwino ndi makwinya komanso kusavala.
Kuluka processing, si kophweka pilling, osati zosavuta dandruff. Kupaka kumatsirizidwa mumsonkhano wopanda fumbi, ndipo sikophweka kuswana mabakiteriya pambuyo poyeretsa kwambiri.
Gwiritsani ntchito njira zapadera zosindikizira m'mphepete monga akupanga ndi laser kuti muwonetsetse kuti m'mphepete mwake sizovuta kugwa.
Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zipinda zoyera kuyambira kalasi 10 mpaka kalasi 1000 kuchotsa fumbi pamwamba pa zinthu, monga LCD/microelectronics/semiconductor products. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyeretsa makina opukutira, zida, malo owonera maginito, magalasi, ndi mkati mwa mapaipi opukutidwa achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-19-2025