1. M'chipinda choyera, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipinda zosungiramo mankhwala ndi zogawa ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa kutengera zomwe zimachitika popanga zinthu komanso momwe mankhwalawo alili. Mapaipi ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mankhwala ofunikira ku zida zopangira. Zipinda zosungiramo mankhwala ndi zogawamo mankhwala mkati mwa chipinda choyera nthawi zambiri zimakhala pamalo othandizira opangira, nthawi zambiri pansi pa nyumba yokhala ndi chipinda chimodzi kapena chipinda cha zipinda zambiri, pafupi ndi khoma lakunja. Mankhwala ayenera kusungidwa padera malinga ndi momwe alili komanso momwe alili. Mankhwala osagwirizana ayenera kuyikidwa m'zipinda zosungiramo mankhwala ndi zogawamo mankhwala, zolekanitsidwa ndi magawo olimba. Mankhwala oopsa ayenera kusungidwa m'zipinda zosungiramo mankhwala kapena zogawamo mankhwala zosiyana zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu yoteteza moto ya maola osachepera 2.0 pakati pa zipinda zoyandikana. Zipinda izi ziyenera kukhala m'chipinda chomwe chili pa chipinda choyamba cha nyumba yopanga mankhwala, pafupi ndi khoma lakunja.
2. Zipinda zoyera m'mafakitale a zamagetsi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zipinda zosungiramo ndi kugawa ma acid ndi alkali, komanso zosungunulira moto. Zipinda zosungiramo ndi kugawa ma acid nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi njira zosungiramo ndi kugawa ma sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrofluoric acid, ndi hydrochloric acid. Zipinda zosungiramo ndi kugawa ma alkali nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi njira zosungiramo ndi kugawa ma sodium hydroxide, hydroxide cake, ammonium hydroxide, ndi tetramethylammonium hydroxide. Zipinda zosungiramo ndi kugawa ma solvent oyaka nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi njira zosungiramo ndi kugawa ma solvent achilengedwe monga isopropyl alcohol (IPA). Zipinda zoyera m'mafakitale opanga ma wafer ophatikizidwa zimakhalanso ndi zipinda zosungiramo ndi kugawa ma slurry opukuta. Zipinda zosungiramo ndi kugawa ma chemical nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'malo othandizira kapena othandizira pafupi kapena pafupi ndi malo oyera opangira, nthawi zambiri pa chipinda choyamba chokhala ndi mwayi wopita mwachindunji panja.
3. Zipinda zosungiramo ndi kugawa mankhwala zili ndi migolo yosungiramo kapena matanki osiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu, kuchuluka, ndi momwe mankhwala ofunikira amagwiritsidwira ntchito popanga zinthu. Malinga ndi miyezo ndi malamulo, mankhwala ayenera kusungidwa padera ndikugawidwa m'magulu. Mphamvu ya migolo kapena matanki ogwiritsidwa ntchito iyenera kukhala yokwanira kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala masiku asanu ndi awiri. Migolo kapena matanki a tsiku ndi tsiku ayeneranso kuperekedwa, ndi mphamvu yokwanira kuphimba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ofunikira kupanga zinthu kwa maola 24. Zipinda zosungiramo ndi kugawa mankhwala osungunulira moto ndi mankhwala opangitsa kuti zinthu ziwonongeke ziyenera kukhala zosiyana ndikulekanitsidwa ndi zipinda zapafupi ndi makoma olimba osapsa ndi moto okhala ndi mphamvu yokana moto ya maola 3.0. Ngati zili pa chipinda choyamba cha nyumba yokhala ndi zipinda zambiri, ziyenera kulekanitsidwa ndi madera ena ndi pansi yosapsa ndi mphamvu yokana moto ya maola osachepera 1.5. Chipinda chowongolera chapakati cha chitetezo cha mankhwala ndi njira yowunikira mkati mwa chipinda choyera chiyenera kukhala mchipinda china.
4. Kutalika kwa zipinda zosungiramo mankhwala ndi zogawa mankhwala mkati mwa chipinda choyera kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa kutengera zofunikira pa kapangidwe ka zida ndi mapaipi ndipo nthawi zambiri sikuyenera kupitirira mamita 4.5. Ngati zili mkati mwa malo othandizira opangira mankhwala m'chipinda choyera, kutalika kwa chipinda chosungiramo mankhwala ndi zogawa mankhwala kuyenera kukhala kofanana ndi kutalika kwa nyumbayo.
Nthawi yotumizira: Ogasiti-01-2025