Kabati yoyendera madzi ya Laminar, yomwe imatchedwanso clean bench, ndi zida zoyera za m'deralo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi antchito. Zingapangitse malo opumulira mpweya kukhala aukhondo kwambiri. Ndi abwino kwambiri pa kafukufuku wa sayansi, mankhwala, zamankhwala ndi zaumoyo, zida zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi mafakitale ena. Kabati yoyendera madzi ya Laminar ikhozanso kulumikizidwa mu mzere wopanga zinthu ndi ubwino wa phokoso lochepa komanso kuyenda pang'onopang'ono. Ndi zida zoyeretsera mpweya zomwe zimapereka malo ogwirira ntchito aukhondo kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumakhudza bwino momwe zinthu zilili, kukonza khalidwe la zinthu komanso kuonjezera zokolola.
Ubwino wa benchi yoyera ndi wakuti ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, yabwino, yogwira ntchito bwino, komanso nthawi yochepa yokonzekera. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito patatha mphindi zoposa 10 mutayamba, ndipo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi iliyonse. Pakupanga malo oyeretsera, pamene ntchito yopereka katemera ndi yayikulu kwambiri ndipo katemera amafunika kuchitika pafupipafupi komanso kwa nthawi yayitali, benchi yoyera ndi chida chabwino kwambiri.
Benchi yoyera imayendetsedwa ndi mota ya magawo atatu yokhala ndi mphamvu ya pafupifupi 145 mpaka 260W. Mpweya umatulutsidwa kudzera mu "super filter" yopangidwa ndi zigawo za mapepala apadera a thovu la microporous kuti apange malo osatha opanda fumbi. Mpweya woyera woyenda bwino, womwe umatchedwa "mpweya wapadera wogwira ntchito", umachotsa fumbi, bowa ndi mabakiteriya okwana 0.3μm, ndi zina zotero.
Mpweya woyenda bwino kwambiri pa benchi yogwirira ntchito yoyera kwambiri ndi 24-30m/min, zomwe ndi zokwanira kupewa kuipitsidwa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusokonezedwa ndi mpweya wapafupi. Kuthamanga kumeneku sikulepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito nyali za mowa kapena zoyatsira bunsen kuti ziwotchedwe ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Antchito amagwira ntchito pansi pa mikhalidwe yotereyi kuti ateteze zinthu zosadetsedwa kuti zisadetsedwe panthawi yosamutsa ndi kupatsa katemera. Koma ngati magetsi azima pakati pa ntchito, zinthu zomwe zili pa mpweya wosasefedwa sizidzakhala zotetezeka ku kuipitsidwa.
Panthawiyi, ntchitoyo iyenera kumalizidwa mwachangu ndipo chizindikiro chiyenera kupangidwa pa botolo. Ngati zinthu zomwe zili mkati zili mu gawo lofalikira, sizidzagwiritsidwanso ntchito pofalitsa ndipo zidzasamutsidwira ku mizu. Ngati ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga, zitha kutayidwa ngati zili zambiri. Ngati zamera mizu, zitha kusungidwa kuti zibzalidwe mtsogolo.
Mphamvu yamagetsi ya mabenchi oyera nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito mawaya anayi a magawo atatu, omwe ali ndi waya wopanda mbali, womwe umalumikizidwa ku chipolopolo cha makina ndipo uyenera kulumikizidwa mwamphamvu ku waya wapansi. Mawaya ena atatu onse ndi mawaya a magawo atatu, ndipo magetsi ogwirira ntchito ndi 380V. Pali njira inayake mu waya wolowera wa magawo atatu. Ngati mawaya alumikizidwa molakwika, fan idzabwerera m'mbuyo, ndipo phokoso lidzakhala labwinobwino kapena losazolowereka pang'ono. Palibe mphepo patsogolo pa benchi yoyera (mungagwiritse ntchito lawi la nyali ya mowa kuti muwone kayendetsedwe kake, ndipo sikoyenera kuyesa kwa nthawi yayitali). Dulani magetsi pakapita nthawi, ndikungosintha malo a mawaya awiri a magawo awiri kenako ndikuwalumikizanso, ndipo vutoli likhoza kuthetsedwa.
Ngati magawo awiri okha a chingwe cha magawo atatu alumikizidwa, kapena ngati gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatuwo silikugwirizana bwino, makinawo adzamveka molakwika. Muyenera kudula magetsi nthawi yomweyo ndikuyang'ana mosamala, apo ayi mota idzayaka. Nzeru izi ziyenera kufotokozedwa momveka bwino kwa ogwira ntchito akayamba kugwiritsa ntchito benchi yoyera kuti apewe ngozi ndi kutayika.
Malo olowera mpweya a benchi yoyera ali kumbuyo kapena pansi pa kutsogolo. Pali pepala la pulasitiki la thovu wamba kapena nsalu yosalukidwa mkati mwa chivundikiro cha ukonde wachitsulo kuti mutseke tinthu tambiri ta fumbi. Iyenera kuyang'aniridwa pafupipafupi, kung'ambika ndikutsukidwa. Ngati pulasitiki ya thovu yakalamba, ibwezeretseni pakapita nthawi.
Kupatula malo olowera mpweya, ngati pali mabowo otulutsira mpweya, ayenera kutsekedwa mwamphamvu, monga kugwiritsa ntchito tepi, kudzaza thonje, kugwiritsa ntchito pepala la guluu, ndi zina zotero. Mkati mwa chivundikiro chachitsulo chomwe chili kutsogolo kwa benchi yogwirira ntchito muli fyuluta yapamwamba kwambiri. Fyuluta yapamwamba kwambiri ikhozanso kusinthidwa. Ngati yagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, tinthu ta fumbi timatsekedwa, liwiro la mphepo limachepa, ndipo ntchito yoyera singatsimikizidwe, ikhoza kusinthidwa ndi yatsopano.
Moyo wa benchi yoyera umagwirizana ndi ukhondo wa mpweya. M'madera otentha kwambiri, mabenchi oyera kwambiri angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'ma laboratories ambiri. Komabe, m'madera otentha kapena otentha, komwe mlengalenga muli mungu wambiri kapena fumbi, benchi yoyera iyenera kuyikidwa m'nyumba yokhala ndi zitseko ziwiri. . Palibe chifukwa chilichonse chomwe chitseko cha mpweya cha benchi yoyera chiyenera kuyang'ana pakhomo kapena pawindo lotseguka kuti chisakhudze moyo wa fyuluta.
Chipinda chopanda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chiyenera kupopedwa nthawi zonse ndi 70% mowa kapena 0.5% phenol kuti muchepetse fumbi ndi kupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kupukuta countertops ndi ziwiya ndi 2% neogerazine (70% mowa ndi wovomerezeka), ndikugwiritsa ntchito formalin (40% formaldehyde) komanso permanganic acid pang'ono. Potaziyamu imatsekedwa nthawi zonse ndikutsukidwa ndi fumbi, kuphatikiza ndi njira zophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi njira zophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga nyali zophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda za ultraviolet (zimayatsidwa kwa mphindi zoposa 15 nthawi iliyonse), kuti chipinda chopanda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda chikhalebe chopanda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi zonse.
Mkati mwa bokosi lopangira katemera muyeneranso kukhala ndi nyali ya ultraviolet. Yatsani nyaliyo kwa mphindi zoposa 15 musanagwiritse ntchito kuti muyatse ndi kuyeretsa. Komabe, malo aliwonse omwe sangayatsedwe ndi katemera amakhalabe odzaza ndi mabakiteriya.
Nyali ya ultraviolet ikayatsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, imatha kuyambitsa mamolekyu a okosijeni mumlengalenga kuti agwirizane ndi mamolekyu a ozone. Mpweya uwu umakhala ndi mphamvu yoyeretsa kwambiri ndipo ukhoza kuyambitsa mphamvu yoyeretsa m'makona omwe sakuwunikiridwa mwachindunji ndi kuwala kwa ultraviolet. Popeza ozone ndi yoopsa pa thanzi, muyenera kuzimitsa nyali ya ultraviolet musanayambe ntchito, ndipo mutha kulowamo patatha mphindi zoposa khumi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-13-2023