Mawu Oyamba
Chipinda choyera ndiye maziko a kuwononga chilengedwe. Popanda chipinda choyera, ziwalo zomwe sizingamve kuipitsidwa sizingapangidwe mochuluka. Mu FED-STD-2, chipinda choyera chimatanthauzidwa ngati chipinda chokhala ndi kusefera kwa mpweya, kugawa, kukhathamiritsa, zida zomangira ndi zida, momwe njira zenizeni zogwirira ntchito zimagwiritsidwira ntchito kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa tinthu tandege kuti tikwaniritse ukhondo woyenera wa tinthu.
Kuti tikwaniritse ukhondo wabwino m'chipinda choyera, ndikofunikira osati kungoyang'ana pakuchita zoyezera zowongolera mpweya, komanso kumafuna njira, zomanga ndi zina zapadera zomwe zikuyenera kutsatiridwa: osati kupanga koyenera, komanso kumanga mosamala ndikuyika molingana ndi zomwe zafotokozedwera, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera chipinda choyera komanso kukonza ndi kasamalidwe ka sayansi. Pofuna kuti zipinda zizikhala zoyera, mabuku ambiri a m’nyumba ndi akunja afotokozedwa m’njira zosiyanasiyana. M'malo mwake, ndizovuta kuti tikwaniritse kulumikizana koyenera pakati pazapadera zosiyanasiyana, ndipo ndizovuta kwa opanga kuti amvetsetse mtundu wa zomangamanga ndi kukhazikitsa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kasamalidwe, makamaka omaliza. Ponena za njira zoyeretsera zipinda zoyera, okonza ambiri, kapena ngakhale maphwando omanga, nthawi zambiri sapereka chidwi chokwanira pamikhalidwe yawo yofunikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ukhondo wosakwanira. Nkhaniyi imangofotokoza mwachidule zofunikira zinayi zofunika kuti munthu akwaniritse ukhondo pamiyeso yoyeretsa zipinda.
1. Ukhondo woperekedwa ndi mpweya
Kuonetsetsa kuti ukhondo wa mpweya umakwaniritsa zofunikira, chinsinsi ndi ntchito ndi kukhazikitsa fyuluta yomaliza ya dongosolo loyeretsa.
Zosankha zosefera
Fyuluta yomaliza ya dongosolo loyeretsera nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito fyuluta ya hepa kapena sub-hepa fyuluta. Malinga ndi mfundo za dziko langa, mphamvu ya zosefera hepa imagawidwa m'magulu anayi: Kalasi A ndi ≥99.9%, Kalasi B ndi ≥99.9%, Kalasi C ndi ≥99.999%, Kalasi D ndi (kwa particles ≥0.1μm) ≥99.999 lodziwika bwino fyuluta); Zosefera zazing'ono za hepa ndi (za tinthu ≥0.5μm) 95~99,9%. Kukwera kwachangu, kumakhalanso kokwera mtengo kwambiri. Choncho, posankha fyuluta, sitiyenera kungokwaniritsa zofunikira zaukhondo wa mpweya, komanso kuganizira zachuma.
Kuchokera pakuwona zofunikira zaukhondo, mfundo ndikugwiritsa ntchito zosefera zocheperako za zipinda zoyera zotsika komanso zosefera zapamwamba za zipinda zoyera zapamwamba. Nthawi zambiri: zosefera zapamwamba komanso zapakatikati zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamlingo wa 1 miliyoni; sub-hepa kapena Zosefera za Class A hepa zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamilingo yochepera kalasi ya 10,000; Zosefera za Gulu B zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mkalasi 10,000 mpaka 100; ndi Zosefera za Class C zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamilingo 100 mpaka 1. Zikuwoneka kuti pali mitundu iwiri ya zosefera zomwe mungasankhe pamlingo uliwonse waukhondo. Kaya kusankha zosefera zapamwamba kapena zotsika kwambiri zimadalira momwe zinthu zilili: pamene kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe kuli kwakukulu, kapena chiŵerengero cha mpweya wa m'nyumba ndi chachikulu, kapena chipinda choyera ndi chofunikira kwambiri ndipo chimafuna chitetezo chokulirapo, mu izi kapena imodzi mwazochitikazi, fyuluta yapamwamba iyenera kusankhidwa; apo ayi, fyuluta yocheperako ikhoza kusankhidwa. Pazipinda zoyera zomwe zimafunikira kuwongolera kwa tinthu tating'ono ta 0.1μm, Zosefera za Gulu D ziyenera kusankhidwa mosasamala kanthu za kuwongolera kwa tinthu. Zomwe zili pamwambazi ndizongoyang'ana zosefera. M'malo mwake, kuti musankhe fyuluta yabwino, muyeneranso kuganizira mozama za chipinda choyera, zosefera, ndi njira yoyeretsera.
Kuyika kwasefa
Kuonetsetsa ukhondo wa mpweya, sikokwanira kukhala ndi zosefera oyenerera okha, komanso kuonetsetsa: a. Fyulutayo siiwonongeka panthawi yoyendetsa ndi kukhazikitsa; b. Kuyika ndi kolimba. Kuti akwaniritse mfundo yoyamba, ogwira ntchito yomanga ndi kukhazikitsa ayenera kukhala ophunzitsidwa bwino, ndi chidziwitso chokhazikitsa machitidwe oyeretsera komanso luso loikamo luso. Apo ayi, zidzakhala zovuta kuonetsetsa kuti fyulutayo siiwonongeka. Pali maphunziro ozama pankhaniyi. Kachiwiri, vuto la kulimba kwa unsembe makamaka zimadalira mtundu wa makhazikitsidwe. Buku la mapangidwe limalimbikitsa: pa fyuluta imodzi, kuyika kwamtundu wotseguka kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, kotero kuti ngakhale kutayikira kukuchitika, sikungalowe m'chipindamo; pogwiritsa ntchito hepa yomalizidwa yotulutsa mpweya, kuthina ndikosavuta kuonetsetsa. Kwa mpweya wa zosefera zingapo, kusindikiza kwa gel ndi kusindikiza koyipa koyipa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zaka zaposachedwa.
Gel chosindikizira chiyenera kuonetsetsa kuti thanki yamadzimadzi yolumikizana ndi yolimba ndipo chimango chonsecho chili pa ndege yopingasa yomweyo. Kutsekereza kolakwika ndikupangitsa mbali yakunja ya olowa pakati pa fyuluta ndi bokosi la static pressure ndi chimango kuti chikhale chovuta. Monga kuyika kwamtundu wotseguka, ngakhale kutayikira, sikungalowe m'chipindamo. M'malo mwake, bola ngati chimango choyikapo chili chathyathyathya ndipo nkhope yomaliza ya fyuluta ikugwirizana ndi mawonekedwe oyika, ziyenera kukhala zosavuta kuti fyulutayo ikwaniritse zofunikira zolimba mumtundu uliwonse.
2. Bungwe la Airflow
Kukonzekera kwa mpweya m'chipinda choyera ndi kosiyana ndi chipinda chambiri chokhala ndi mpweya. Pamafunika kuti mpweya waukhondo uperekedwe kaye pamalo ogwirira ntchito. Ntchito yake ndi kuchepetsa ndi kuchepetsa kuipitsidwa kwa zinthu zokonzedwa. Kuti izi zitheke, mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa popanga bungwe la kayendedwe ka mpweya: kuchepetsa mafunde a eddy kuti asabweretse kuipitsa kunja kwa malo ogwirira ntchito kumalo ogwirira ntchito; yesetsani kupewa kufumbi lachiwiri likuwuluka kuti muchepetse mwayi wa fumbi loyipitsa chogwirira ntchito; mpweya wopita kumalo ogwirira ntchito uyenera kukhala wofanana ndi momwe ungathere, ndipo liwiro lake la mphepo liyenera kukwaniritsa ndondomeko ndi zofunikira zaukhondo. Kutuluka kwa mpweya kumapita kumalo obwererako, fumbi la mpweya liyenera kuchotsedwa bwino. Sankhani njira zosiyanasiyana zoperekera mpweya ndi kubwereranso malinga ndi zofunikira zaukhondo.
Mabungwe osiyanasiyana oyendetsa ndege ali ndi mawonekedwe awoawo komanso mawonekedwe awo:
(1). Oima unidirectional flow
Kuwonjezera pa ubwino wamba wopeza yunifolomu yopita kumtunda kwa mpweya, kuwongolera makonzedwe a zida zogwirira ntchito, luso lodziyeretsa lolimba, komanso kufewetsa malo wamba monga malo oyeretsera anthu, njira zinayi zoperekera mpweya zimakhalanso ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwawo: Zosefera za hepa zokutidwa zonse zimakhala ndi ubwino wokana kutsika komanso kusinthasintha kwa nthawi yaitali, koma mtengo wake ndi wovuta; ubwino ndi kuipa kwa chopereka chapamwamba cha fyuluta cha hepa chokhala ndi mbali zonse ndi mbale zodzaza ndi dzenje zimatsutsana ndi zotumiza zonse za pamwamba pa hepa. Pakati pawo, zonse dzenje mbale pamwamba yobereka n'zosavuta kudziunjikira fumbi pamwamba pamwamba pa orifice mbale pamene dongosolo sanali mosalekeza kuthamanga, ndi kusamalidwa bwino zimakhudza ena pa ukhondo; Dense diffuser pamwamba kubweretsa kumafuna wosanjikiza wosanjikiza, kotero ndi yoyenera zipinda zazitali zoyera pamwamba pa 4m, ndipo mawonekedwe ake ndi ofanana ndi kutulutsa kwapamwamba kwa dzenje lonse; njira yobwereranso ya mpweya wa mbale yokhala ndi ma grilles kumbali zonse ziwiri ndi mpweya wobwereranso wokonzedwa mofanana pansi pa makoma otsutsana ndi oyenera zipinda zoyera zokhala ndi malo osakwana 6m mbali zonse; mpweya wobwereranso womwe umakonzedwa pansi pa khoma la mbali imodzi ndi oyenera zipinda zoyera ndi mtunda waung'ono pakati pa makoma (monga ≤<2 ~ 3m).
(2). Yopingasa unidirectional otaya
Malo okhawo ogwirira ntchito amatha kufika paukhondo wa 100. Pamene mpweya umayenda kumbali inayo, fumbi la fumbi limakula pang'onopang'ono. Choncho, ndizoyenera zipinda zoyera ndi zofunikira zosiyana zaukhondo pa ndondomeko yomweyo m'chipinda chimodzi. Kugawidwa kwanuko kwa zosefera za hepa pakhoma loperekera mpweya kumatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zosefera za hepa ndikusunga ndalama zoyambira, koma pali eddies m'malo am'deralo.
(3). Kuthamanga kwa mpweya
Makhalidwe a kuperekera pamwamba kwa mbale za orifice ndi kutulutsa pamwamba kwa ma diffuser wandiweyani ndi ofanana ndi omwe tawatchula pamwambapa: ubwino woperekera mbali ndizosavuta kukonza mapaipi, palibe interlayer yaukadaulo yomwe imafunikira, mtengo wotsika, komanso wothandiza kukonzanso mafakitale akale. Zoyipa zake ndikuti liwiro la mphepo m'malo ogwirira ntchito ndi lalikulu, ndipo fumbi la fumbi pamphepete mwa mphepo ndi lalitali kuposa lomwe lili pamphepete mwa mphepo; kutulutsa pamwamba kwa zosefera za hepa kuli ndi ubwino wa dongosolo losavuta, palibe mapaipi kumbuyo kwa fyuluta ya hepa, ndi kutuluka kwa mpweya woyera mwachindunji kumalo ogwirira ntchito, koma mpweya wabwino umafalikira pang'onopang'ono ndipo mpweya wopita kumalo ogwirira ntchito ndi wofanana; komabe, pamene mpweya wambiri umakonzedwa mofanana kapena zopangira mpweya wa hepa zokhala ndi ma diffusers zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, mpweya wopita kumalo ogwirira ntchito ukhoza kupangidwanso mofanana; koma pamene dongosolo silikuyenda mosalekeza, diffuser sachedwa kudzikundikira fumbi.
Zokambirana pamwambapa zonse zili m'malo abwino ndipo zimalimbikitsidwa ndi zofunikira zadziko, miyezo kapena zolemba zamapangidwe. M'mapulojekiti enieni, bungwe loyendetsa ndege silinapangidwe bwino chifukwa cha zolinga kapena zifukwa zomveka za wopanga. Zodziwika bwino zikuphatikizapo: vertical unidirectional flow imatenga mpweya wobwerera kuchokera kumunsi kwa makoma awiri oyandikana nawo, kalasi yam'deralo 100 imatenga kuperekera kumtunda ndi kubwerera kumtunda (ndiko kuti, palibe nsalu yotchinga yomwe imawonjezedwa pansi pa malo opangira mpweya), ndi zipinda zoyera zoyera zimatengera hepa fyuluta mpweya wotuluka pamwamba ndi kubwerera kumtunda kapena kubwerera kumtunda umodzi kapena kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono kubwereranso (ndi zina zambiri zakhala zikuyenda bwino pakati pa makoma awo ndi makoma a mpweya). zofunika kupanga. Chifukwa cha zomwe zilipo pano kuti zivomerezedwe zopanda kanthu kapena zokhazikika, zina mwazipinda zoyerazi sizimafika pamlingo waukhondo wopangidwa mopanda kanthu kapena osasunthika, koma mphamvu yotsutsana ndi kusokoneza ndi yotsika kwambiri, ndipo chipinda choyera chikalowa m'malo ogwirira ntchito, sichikwaniritsa zofunikira.
Bungwe loyenera la kayendedwe ka mpweya liyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi makatani akulendewera mpaka kutalika kwa malo ogwira ntchito m'deralo, ndipo kalasi ya 100,000 sayenera kutengera kubweretsa kumtunda ndi kubwerera kumtunda. Kuphatikiza apo, mafakitole ambiri pakali pano amatulutsa mpweya wabwino kwambiri wokhala ndi zoyatsira mpweya, ndipo zoyatsira zimangokhala mbale zodzikongoletsera zokha ndipo sizimagwira ntchito yofalitsa mpweya. Okonza ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kumvetsera kwambiri izi.
3. Kuchuluka kwa mpweya kapena kuthamanga kwa mpweya
Mpweya wokwanira wokwanira ndikuchepetsa ndikuchotsa mpweya woipitsidwa wamkati. Malingana ndi zofunikira zaukhondo, pamene kutalika kwa ukonde wa chipinda chaukhondo ndi chokwera, mpweya wabwino uyenera kuwonjezeka moyenerera. Pakati pawo, kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa chipinda choyera cha 1 miliyoni kumaganiziridwa molingana ndi njira yoyeretsera bwino kwambiri, ndipo zina zonse zimaganiziridwa molingana ndi njira yoyeretsera kwambiri; pamene zosefera za hepa za kalasi ya 100,000 zoyera zimalowa m'chipinda cha makina kapena zosefera zazing'ono za hepa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto kwa dongosolo, mafupipafupi a mpweya wabwino akhoza kuwonjezeka moyenerera ndi 10-20%.
Pazomwe zili pamwambapa mpweya wabwino womwe umalimbikitsa, wolemba amakhulupirira kuti: liwiro la mphepo kudzera m'chipinda cha chipinda choyera cha unidirectional flow flow ndi chochepa, ndipo chipinda choyera chokhala ndi chipwirikiti chimakhala ndi mtengo wovomerezeka wokhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira. Kuthamanga kwa unidirectional ≥ 0.25m / s, yopingasa unidirectional flow ≥ 0.35m / s. Ngakhale kuti zofunikira zaukhondo zitha kukwaniritsidwa zikayesedwa m'malo opanda kanthu kapena osasunthika, mphamvu yolimbana ndi kuipitsa ndiyosauka. Chipindacho chikalowa m'malo ogwirira ntchito, ukhondo sungathe kukwaniritsa zofunikira. Chitsanzo chamtunduwu sizochitika zokha. Nthawi yomweyo, palibe mafani oyenerera makina oyeretsera pamakina olowera mdziko langa. Nthawi zambiri, okonza nthawi zambiri samapanga mawerengedwe olondola a kukana kwa mpweya wa dongosolo, kapena samazindikira ngati fani yosankhidwayo ili pamalo abwino kwambiri ogwirira ntchito pamapindikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya wa mpweya kapena kuthamanga kwa mphepo kulephera kufika pamtengo wapangidwe posakhalitsa dongosololi litayamba kugwira ntchito. Muyezo wa federal ku US (FS209A~B) unanena kuti kuthamanga kwa mpweya wa chipinda choyera chopanda njira iliyonse kudutsa chipinda choyera chodutsa nthawi zambiri kumasungidwa pa 90ft/min (0.45m/s), ndipo liwiro losagwirizana ndi ± 20% popanda kusokoneza chipinda chonse. Kutsika kulikonse kwakukulu kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya kudzawonjezera mwayi wodziyeretsa nthawi ndi kuipitsidwa pakati pa malo ogwira ntchito (pambuyo pa kulengeza kwa FS209C mu October 1987, palibe malamulo omwe adapangidwa pa zizindikiro zonse kupatulapo fumbi).
Pachifukwa ichi, wolembayo amakhulupirira kuti ndi koyenera kuonjezera moyenerera mtengo wamakono wapakhomo wa unidirectional flow velocity. Gulu lathu lachita izi m'mapulojekiti enieni, ndipo zotsatira zake ndi zabwino. Zipinda zaukhondo zili ndi mtengo wovomerezeka wokhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira, koma opanga ambiri akadali osatsimikizika. Popanga mapangidwe apadera, amawonjezera mpweya wabwino wa chipinda choyera cha 100,000 mpaka 20-25 nthawi / h, kalasi 10,000 chipinda choyera mpaka 30-40 nthawi / h, ndi kalasi 1000 chipinda choyera mpaka 60-70 nthawi / h. Izi sizimangowonjezera kuchuluka kwa zida ndi ndalama zoyambira, komanso zimawonjezera ndalama zosamalira komanso zowongolera zam'tsogolo. Ndipotu palibe chifukwa chochitira zimenezi. Popanga njira zaukadaulo zakuyeretsa dziko langa, zipinda zoyera zopitilira 100 ku China zidafufuzidwa ndikuyesedwa. Zipinda zambiri zoyera zinayesedwa pansi pa mikhalidwe yamphamvu. Zotsatira zinasonyeza kuti mpweya wabwino wa kalasi 100,000 zipinda zoyera ≥10 nthawi / h, kalasi ya 10,000 zipinda zoyera ≥20 nthawi / h, ndi kalasi ya 1000 zipinda zoyera ≥50 nthawi / h zimatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira. US Federal Standard (FS2O9A~B) imati: zipinda zopanda unidirectional zoyera (kalasi 100,000, kalasi 10,000), kutalika kwachipinda 8 ~ 12ft (2.44 ~ 3.66m), nthawi zambiri amawona kuti chipinda chonsecho chizikhala ndi mpweya wokwanira kamodzi mphindi 3 zilizonse (ie 20 nthawi / h). Chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe apangidwe amaganizira kuchuluka kwachulukidwe kowonjezera, ndipo wopanga amatha kusankha motetezeka malinga ndi mtengo wokwanira wa mpweya wabwino.
4. Kusiyanasiyana kwapakati pa static
Kukhalabe ndi mphamvu zabwino m'chipinda chaukhondo ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti chipinda chaukhondo chisaipitsidwe kapena kuipitsidwa pang'ono kuti chikhale chaukhondo. Ngakhale m'zipinda zokhala ndi zipinda zokhala ndi zipinda zokhala ndi zipinda zoyandikana kapena zokhala ndi ukhondo wosatsika kuposa mulingo wake kuti zisungidwe bwino, kuti chipindacho chisungidwe bwino.
Kuthamanga kwabwino kwa chipinda choyera kumatanthawuza mtengo pamene kupanikizika kwa static m'nyumba kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa kuthamanga kwa static kunja pamene zitseko zonse ndi mawindo atsekedwa. Zimatheka ndi njira yomwe mpweya woperekera mpweya wa dongosolo loyeretsera ndi waukulu kuposa mpweya wobwerera ndi mpweya wotulutsa mpweya. Pofuna kutsimikizira kupanikizika kwabwino kwa chipinda choyera, mafanizi operekera, obwerera ndi otulutsa mpweya amakhala otsekedwa. Dongosolo likatsegulidwa, fan fan imayambika poyamba, ndiyeno mafani obwerera ndi kutulutsa amayambika; pamene dongosolo lazimitsidwa, fani yotulutsa mpweya imazimitsidwa poyamba, ndiyeno mafanizi obwerera ndi operekera amazimitsidwa kuti ateteze chipinda choyera kuti chisaipitsidwe pamene dongosolo latsekedwa ndi kutsekedwa.
Mpweya wa mpweya womwe umafunika kuti ukhalebe ndi mphamvu yabwino ya chipinda choyera umatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi kutsekedwa kwa mpweya wa dongosolo lokonzekera. M'masiku oyambirira a kumanga zipinda zoyera m'dziko langa, chifukwa cha mpweya woipa wa mpanda, zinatenga 2 mpaka 6 nthawi / h ya mpweya kuti ukhalebe ndi mphamvu yabwino ya ≥5Pa; pakali pano, kutsekemera kwa mpweya wokonza nyumbayo kwakhala bwino kwambiri, ndipo 1 mpaka 2 nthawi / h ya mpweya imafunika kuti mukhalebe ndi mphamvu yofanana; ndi 2 mpaka 3 nthawi / h ya mpweya wofunikira kuti musunge ≥10Pa.
Mafotokozedwe a mapangidwe a dziko langa [6] amanena kuti kusiyana kwapakati pakati pa zipinda zoyera zamagulu osiyanasiyana komanso pakati pa malo oyera ndi malo osayera kuyenera kukhala osachepera 0.5mm H2O (~ 5Pa), ndi kusiyana kwapakati pakati pa malo oyera ndi kunja kuyenera kukhala kosachepera 1.0mm H2O (~ 10Pa). Wolembayo amakhulupirira kuti mtengowu ukuwoneka wotsika kwambiri pazifukwa zitatu:
(1) Kuthamanga kwabwino kumatanthawuza kuthekera kwa chipinda chaukhondo kupondereza kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya wamkati kudzera mu mipata pakati pa zitseko ndi mazenera, kapena kuchepetsa zowononga zomwe zimalowa m'chipinda pamene zitseko ndi mawindo atsegulidwa kwa nthawi yochepa. Kukula kwa kukakamizidwa kwabwino kumawonetsa mphamvu ya mphamvu yopondereza kuipitsa. Zoonadi, kupanikizika kwakukulu kwabwino, kumakhala bwino (zomwe zidzakambidwe pambuyo pake).
(2) Mpweya wa mpweya wofunikira kuti ukhale wabwino ndi wochepa. Mpweya wofunikira pa kukakamiza kwabwino kwa 5Pa ndi 10Pa kukakamiza kwabwino kumakhala pafupifupi 1 nthawi / h mosiyana. Bwanji osachita izo? Mwachiwonekere, ndi bwino kutenga malire otsika a kupanikizika kwabwino monga 10Pa.
(3) The US Federal Standard (FS209A~B) imati pamene zolowera ndi zotuluka zonse zatsekedwa, kusiyana kocheperako kwabwino pakati pa chipinda choyera ndi malo aliwonse oyandikana nawo aukhondo otsika ndi mainchesi 0.05 a mizati yamadzi (12.5Pa). Mtengo uwu watengedwa ndi mayiko ambiri. Koma kupanikizika kwabwino kwa chipinda choyera sikuli kokwera kwambiri. Malingana ndi mayesero enieni a uinjiniya wa unit yathu kwa zaka zoposa 30, pamene kupanikizika kwabwino kuli ≥ 30Pa, n'zovuta kutsegula chitseko. Mukatseka chitseko mosasamala, zipangitsa kuphulika! Idzawopsyeza anthu. Kupanikizika kwabwino kukakhala ≥ 50 ~ 70Pa, mipata pakati pa zitseko ndi mazenera imapanga mluzu, ndipo ofooka kapena omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zosayenera adzamva kukhala osamasuka. Komabe, zofunikira kapena miyezo ya mayiko ambiri kunyumba ndi kunja sizimatchula malire apamwamba a kukakamizidwa kwabwino. Chotsatira chake, mayunitsi ambiri amangofuna kukwaniritsa zofunikira za malire apansi, mosasamala kanthu kuti malire apamwamba ndi otani. M'chipinda chenicheni choyera chomwe wolemba amakumana nacho, kupanikizika kwabwino kumakhala kokwanira 100Pa kapena kuposa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri. Ndipotu, kusintha maganizo abwino si chinthu chovuta. Ndizotheka kuwongolera mkati mwamtundu wina. Panali chikalata chosonyeza kuti dziko lina la Kum'mawa kwa Ulaya linanena kuti kupanikizika kwabwino kumakhala 1-3mm H20 (pafupifupi 10 ~ 30Pa). Wolembayo amakhulupirira kuti mtundu uwu ndi woyenera kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-13-2025