Pulojekiti ya Cleanroom imatanthauza kutulutsa zinthu zoipitsa monga tinthu tating'onoting'ono, mpweya woipa, mabakiteriya, ndi zina zotero mumlengalenga mkati mwa mpweya winawake, komanso kuwongolera kutentha kwa mkati, ukhondo, kuthamanga kwa mkati, liwiro la mpweya ndi kufalikira kwake, kugwedezeka kwa phokoso, kuunikira, magetsi osasinthasintha, ndi zina zotero mkati mwa mtundu wina wofunikira. Timatcha njira yoteteza chilengedwe ngati pulojekiti ya Cleanroom. Pulojekiti yonse ya Cleanroom imaphatikizapo zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo magawo asanu ndi atatu: dongosolo lokongoletsa ndi kukonza, dongosolo la HVAC, dongosolo lopumira mpweya ndi utsi, dongosolo loteteza moto, dongosolo lamagetsi, dongosolo la mapaipi, dongosolo lowongolera lokha komanso dongosolo loperekera madzi ndi madzi. Zigawo izi pamodzi zimapanga dongosolo lonse la pulojekiti ya Cleanroom kuti zitsimikizire kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino komanso ikugwira ntchito.
1. Dongosolo la Clenroom
(1). Dongosolo lokongoletsa ndi kukonza kapangidwe kake
Kukongoletsa ndi kulumikiza kwa polojekiti ya chipinda choyera nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kukongoletsa kwapadera kwa dongosolo la kapangidwe kake monga nthaka, denga ndi magawano. Mwachidule, zigawo izi zimaphimba malo asanu ndi limodzi a malo otsekedwa amitundu itatu, omwe ndi pamwamba, khoma ndi nthaka. Kuphatikiza apo, imaphatikizaponso zitseko, mawindo ndi zinthu zina zokongoletsera. Mosiyana ndi kukongoletsa nyumba ndi mafakitale, polojekiti ya chipinda choyera imaganizira kwambiri miyezo ndi tsatanetsatane wa zokongoletsera kuti zitsimikizire kuti malowo akukwaniritsa miyezo yeniyeni ya ukhondo ndi ukhondo.
(2). Dongosolo la HVAC
Imakhudza chipangizo choziziritsira (madzi otentha) (kuphatikizapo pampu yamadzi, nsanja yoziziritsira, ndi zina zotero) ndipo makina oziziritsira mpweya ndi zida zina, mapaipi oziziritsira mpweya, bokosi loyeretsera mpweya (kuphatikizapo gawo losakanikirana la madzi, gawo loyambira, gawo lotenthetsera, gawo loziziritsira, gawo lochotsa chinyezi, gawo lokakamiza, gawo lapakati, gawo lopanikizika, ndi zina zotero) zimaganiziridwanso.
(3). Mpweya wokwanira komanso makina otulutsira utsi
Dongosolo lopumira mpweya ndi zida zonse zomwe zimakhala ndi malo olowera mpweya, malo otulutsira utsi, njira yoperekera mpweya, fani, zida zoziziritsira ndi zotenthetsera, fyuluta, makina owongolera ndi zida zina zothandizira. Dongosolo lotulutsira utsi ndi dongosolo lonse lokhala ndi chotchingira utsi kapena malo olowera mpweya, zida zotsukira chipinda ndi fani.
(4). Njira yotetezera moto
Njira yolowera mwadzidzidzi, magetsi adzidzidzi, chothira madzi, chozimitsira moto, payipi yozimitsira moto, zida zodziwira zokha, chotseka chozungulira chosagwira moto, ndi zina zotero.
(5). Dongosolo lamagetsi
Ili ndi zigawo zitatu: magetsi, mphamvu ndi mphamvu yofooka, makamaka magetsi oyeretsera, masoketi, makabati amagetsi, mizere, kuyang'anira ndi telefoni ndi makina ena amphamvu komanso ofooka a mphamvu.
(6). Dongosolo la mapaipi ogwirira ntchito
Mu pulojekiti ya cleanroom, makamaka imaphatikizapo: mapaipi a gasi, mapaipi azinthu, mapaipi amadzi oyeretsedwa, mapaipi amadzi olowetsedwa, nthunzi, mapaipi a nthunzi yoyera, mapaipi oyambira amadzi, mapaipi ozungulira madzi, mapaipi otulutsa ndi kutulutsa madzi, condensate, mapaipi amadzi ozizira, ndi zina zotero.
(7). Dongosolo lowongolera lokha
Kuphatikizapo kuwongolera kutentha, kuwongolera kutentha, kuchuluka kwa mpweya ndi kupanikizika, kutsegulira ndi nthawi, ndi zina zotero.
(8). Njira yoperekera madzi ndi madzi otayira madzi
Kapangidwe ka dongosolo, kusankha mapaipi, kuyika mapaipi, zowonjezera za madzi otaya madzi ndi kapangidwe kakang'ono ka madzi otaya madzi, dongosolo loyendera madzi m'chipinda choyera, miyeso iyi, kapangidwe ndi kuyika kwa dongosolo lotaya madzi, ndi zina zotero.
Makampani ogulitsa chakudya, malo owunikira ubwino, makampani a zamagetsi, zipatala, makampani azachipatala, malo oyendera ndege, mabungwe ofufuza za sayansi, mafakitale opanga mankhwala, ma microelectronics, malo oyeretsa zachilengedwe ndi mafakitale ena amapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ukhondo wa kalasi 100000 wa malo ochitira misonkhano yoyera ndi kapangidwe ka makina oziziritsira mpweya m'chipinda choyera, kukhazikitsa ndi kumanga, kuyambitsa, ntchito yogulitsa pambuyo pogulitsa ndi mayankho ena onse. Laboratory yachitetezo cha chilengedwe yopangidwa ndi kampani yathu imatsimikizira mtundu wa zomangamanga ndipo imakwaniritsa zofunikira za muyezo waukadaulo wa nyumba.
2. Zofunikira pa ntchito yoyeretsa zipinda zoyera
(1). Ntchito zoyeretsa
① Pangani ndi kukonzanso zipinda zoyera zokhala ndi mpweya woziziritsa komanso malo oyeretsera, opanda fumbi komanso oyeretsera okhala ndi miyezo yosiyanasiyana yoyeretsera, zofunikira pa ntchito ndi mapulani a pansi.
② Konzani zipinda zoyera zokhala ndi zofunikira zapadera monga kupanikizika koipa, kutentha kwambiri, kupewa moto ndi kuphulika, kutchinjiriza ndi kuletsa phokoso, kuyeretsa bwino, kuchotsa poizoni ndi fungo loipa, komanso kuletsa kusinthasintha kwa kutentha.
③ Pangani magetsi, zipangizo zamagetsi, magetsi, makina owongolera magetsi ndi makina owongolera mpweya wozizira okha omwe amagwirizana ndi chipinda chotsukira.
3. Mapulogalamu oyeretsa
(1). Zipinda zotsukira zamoyo m'zipatala
Zipinda zoyera za m'zipatala makamaka zimakhala ndi zipinda zochitira opaleshoni zoyera komanso zipinda zoyera. Zipinda zoyera za m'zipatala makamaka ndi malo omwe bowa amalamulidwa mosamala kuti odwala asatenge kachilomboka kapena kubweretsa zotsatirapo zoopsa.
(2). Ma laboratories a mndandanda wa P-level
① Ma laboratories a P3 ndi ma laboratories a biosafety level 3. Ma laboratories a biosafety amagawidwa m'magulu anayi malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa kuvulala kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi poizoni wawo, pomwe level 1 ndi yotsika ndipo level 4 ndi yapamwamba. Amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: mulingo wa maselo ndi mulingo wa nyama, ndipo mulingo wa nyama umagawidwanso m'lingo wa nyama zazing'ono ndi mulingo wa nyama zazikulu. Laboratory yoyamba ya P3 m'dziko langa idamangidwa mu 1987 ndipo idagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pa kafukufuku wa AIDS.
②Laboratori ya P4 ikutanthauza labotale ya biosafety level 4, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pofufuza matenda opatsirana kwambiri. Ndi labotale yapamwamba kwambiri ya biosafety padziko lonse lapansi. Pakadali pano palibe labotale yotere ku China. Malinga ndi akatswiri oyenerera, njira zotetezera za ma labotale a P4 ndizokhwima kuposa za ma labotale a P3. Ofufuza sayenera kuvala zovala zodzitetezera zokha komanso kunyamula masilinda a okosijeni akamalowa.
(3). Uinjiniya wa zipinda zotsukira mafakitale ndi malo ogwirira ntchito
Njira zomangira zitha kugawidwa m'magulu a zomangamanga ndi mitundu yokonzedwa kale.
Dongosolo loyeretsa lokonzedwa kale limapangidwa makamaka ndi makina operekera mpweya woziziritsa, makina obwezera mpweya, mpweya wobwerera, chipangizo chotulutsa utsi, kapangidwe kake, mayunitsi oyeretsa anthu ndi zinthu, kusefa mpweya koyambirira, kwapakati komanso kwapamwamba, makina a gasi ndi madzi, magetsi ndi magetsi, kuyang'anira ndi kuchenjeza malo ogwirira ntchito, kuteteza moto, kulumikizana ndi chithandizo cha pansi chotsutsana ndi static.
①Magawo oyeretsera a GMP oyera pa workshop:
Nthawi yosinthira mpweya: kalasi 100000 nthawi ≥15; kalasi 10000 nthawi ≥20; kalasi 1000 nthawi ≥30.
Kusiyana kwa kuthamanga kwa mpweya: malo ogwirira ntchito akuluakulu ogwirira ntchito ndi chipinda chapafupi ≥5Pa;
Avereji ya liwiro la mpweya: kalasi 100 malo ochitira masewera oyera 03-0.5m/s;
Kutentha: >16℃ m'nyengo yozizira; <26℃ m'chilimwe; kusinthasintha ±2℃. Chinyezi 45-65%; chinyezi mu GMP clean workshop makamaka chimakhala pafupifupi 50%; chinyezi mu electronic workshop chimakhala chokwera pang'ono kuti tipewe magetsi osasinthasintha. Phokoso ≤65dB(A); chowonjezera cha mpweya wabwino ndi 10%-30% ya mpweya wonse; kuunikira: 300LX.
②Zipangizo zomangira za GMP:
Makoma ndi denga la malo ogwirira ntchito oyera nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi mbale zachitsulo za mtundu wa masangweji zokhuthala 50mm, zomwe ndi zokongola komanso zolimba. Zitseko zamakona a Arc, mafelemu a zenera, ndi zina zotero nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi ma profiles apadera a aluminiyamu odzola;
Pansi pake pakhoza kupangidwa ndi pansi yodziyimira yokha ya epoxy kapena pansi yapulasitiki yolimba kwambiri. Ngati pali kufunika koletsa kusinthasintha, mtundu woletsa kusinthasintha ungasankhidwe;
Mpweya ndi njira zobwezeretsera mpweya zimapangidwa ndi pepala lokhala ndi galvanized lotentha, ndipo pepala la pulasitiki la thovu la PF loletsa moto lomwe limayeretsedwa bwino komanso limasungidwa bwino;
Bokosi la hepa limagwiritsa ntchito chimango chachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chomwe ndi chokongola komanso choyera, ndipo mbale ya maukonde yokhala ndi mabowo imagwiritsa ntchito mbale ya aluminiyamu yopakidwa utoto, yomwe siigwira dzimbiri komanso siigwira fumbi komanso yosavuta kuyeretsa.
(4). Uinjiniya wamagetsi ndi wamagetsi
Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zipangizo zamagetsi, zipinda zamakompyuta, mafakitale a semiconductor, makampani opanga magalimoto, makampani opanga ndege, photolithography, opanga ma microcomputer ndi mafakitale ena. Kuwonjezera pa kuyeretsa mpweya, ndikofunikiranso kuonetsetsa kuti zofunikira za anti-static zikukwaniritsidwa.
Nthawi yotumizira: Feb-28-2025