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ZOFUNIKA ZOYANG'ANIRA ZITHUNZI ZOSANGALALA PACHIPIMBO

chipinda choyera
kumanga zipinda zoyera

Kuyika kwa zida zogwirira ntchito m'chipinda choyera kuyenera kutengera kapangidwe ka chipinda choyera. Mfundo zotsatirazi zidzafotokozedwa.

1. Njira yopangira zida: Njira yabwino ndikutseka chipinda choyera panthawi yoyika zida, ndikukhala ndi chitseko chomwe chingakwaniritse mbali yowonera zida kapena kusungitsa kanjira kuti zida zatsopano zidutse ndikulowa mchipinda choyera bwino. kuteteza chipinda choyera pafupi ndi nthawi yoyikapo kuti zisaipitsidwe, njira zodzitetezera ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti chipinda chaukhondo chikukwaniritsa zofunikira zake zaukhondo ndi ntchito yotsatila.

2. Ngati ntchito m'chipinda chaukhondo sichingayimitsidwe nthawi iliyonse yoyika, kapena ngati pali zomanga zomwe zikufunika kugwetsedwa, kuyendetsa chipinda choyera chiyenera kukhala chotalikirana ndi malo ogwirira ntchito: makoma odzipatula kwakanthawi kapena magawo angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kuti musalepheretse ntchito yoyikapo, payenera kukhala malo okwanira kuzungulira zida. Ngati mikhalidwe ikuloleza, mwayi wopita kumalo odzipatula ukhoza kupyolera mu njira zothandizira kapena madera ena osafunikira: ngati izi sizingatheke, njira ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe chifukwa cha ntchito yoyikapo. Malo odzipatula ayenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zofanana kapena kupanikizika koipa. Mpweya waukhondo uyenera kuzimitsidwa pamalo okwera kuti apewe kupanikizika kwabwino pazipinda zaukhondo zozungulira. Ngati mwayi wopita kumalo opulumukirako ndi kudzera m'chipinda chaukhondo choyandikira, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zomata zomata pochotsa litsiro la nsapato.

3. Pambuyo polowa m'dera lapamwamba, nsapato zowonongeka kapena zowonjezera ndi zovala zogwirira ntchito imodzi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti zisawononge chipinda choyera. Zinthu zotayidwazi ziyenera kuchotsedwa musanachoke kumalo okhala kwaokha. Njira zowunika malo ozungulira malo odzipatula panthawi yoyika zida ziyenera kupangidwa ndipo nthawi zambiri zowunikira ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti zidziwitso zilizonse zomwe zingalowe m'chipinda chaukhondo zapezeka. Pambuyo pokhazikitsa njira zodzipatula, malo osiyanasiyana ogwirira ntchito aboma amatha kukhazikitsidwa monga magetsi, madzi, gasi, vacuum, mpweya woponderezedwa ndi mapaipi amadzi onyansa, chidwi chiyenera kuperekedwa pakuwongolera ndikupatula utsi ndi zinyalala zomwe zimapangidwa ndi ntchitoyi. momwe mungathere kupewa kufalikira modzidzimutsa kuchipinda choyera chozungulira. Komanso atsogolere ogwira kuyeretsa pamaso kuchotsa kudzipatula chotchinga. Malo ogwirira ntchito aboma akakwaniritsa zofunikira zogwiritsidwa ntchito, malo onse odzipatula ayenera kutsukidwa ndi kuipitsidwa malinga ndi njira zoyeretsera. Malo onse, kuphatikizapo makoma onse, zipangizo (zokhazikika ndi zosunthika) ndi pansi, ziyenera kutsukidwa, kupukuta ndi kupukuta, ndikuyang'ana kwambiri kuyeretsa malo omwe ali kumbuyo kwa alonda ndi pansi pa zipangizo.

4. Kuyesa koyambirira kwa magwiridwe antchito a zida kumatha kuchitidwa motengera momwe chipinda choyeretsera chilili komanso zida zoyikidwa, koma kuyezetsa kovomerezeka kotsatira kuyenera kuchitidwa pomwe malo oyera akwaniritsidwa. Kutengera ndi zomwe zili pamalo oyikapo, mutha kuyamba kugwetsa mosamala khoma lodzipatula; ngati mpweya woyera wazimitsidwa, yambaninso; nthawi ya gawo ili la ntchito iyenera kusankhidwa mosamala kuti achepetse kusokoneza ntchito yachibadwa ya chipinda choyera. Panthawiyi, pangakhale koyenera kuyeza ngati kuchuluka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta mpweya kumakwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zatchulidwa.

5. Kuyeretsa ndi kukonza mkati mwa zida ndi zipinda zazikuluzikulu ziyenera kuchitika pansi pazipinda zoyera. Zipinda zonse zamkati ndi malo onse omwe amakhudzana ndi mankhwala kapena zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kayendetsedwe kazinthu ziyenera kufufutidwa mpaka pamlingo wofunikira waukhondo. Njira yoyeretsera zida ziyenera kukhala kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi. Ngati tinthu tating'onoting'ono tafalikira, tinthu tating'onoting'ono timagwera pansi pa zida kapena pansi chifukwa cha mphamvu yokoka. Yeretsani kunja kwa zida kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi. Pakafunika, kuzindikira kwa tinthu ting'onoting'ono kuyenera kuchitika m'malo omwe zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa kapena kupanga ndizofunikira.

6. Poona makhalidwe a chipinda choyera, makamaka m'dera lalikulu, ndalama zambiri, kutulutsa kwakukulu ndi zofunikira kwambiri zaukhondo wa chipinda choyera chamakono, kuyika zipangizo zopangira kupanga mumtundu uwu wa chipinda choyera ndizofanana ndi zomwezo. wamba wamba waukhondo. Palibe zofunikira zenizeni. Kuti izi zitheke, mulingo wapadziko lonse wa "Code for Clean Room Construction and Quality Acceptance" womwe watulutsidwa udapanga zinthu zina pakukhazikitsa zida zopangira zinthu m'chipinda choyera, makamaka kuphatikiza zotsatirazi.

A. Pofuna kupewa kuipitsidwa kapena kuwonongeka kwa chipinda choyera (dera) chomwe chakhala chikuvomerezedwa "chopanda kanthu" panthawi yoyika zida zopangira, kuyika kwa zida siziyenera kukhala ndi kugwedezeka kwakukulu kapena kupendekeka, ndipo sayenera kukhala. anagawa ndi kuipitsa zida pamwamba.

B. Pofuna kukhazikitsa zida zopangira zinthu m'chipinda choyera (malo) mwadongosolo komanso opanda kapena okhalamo pang'ono, ndikutsata dongosolo loyang'anira zopangira zoyera m'chipinda choyera, onetsetsani kuti kuyika kwa zida zopangira kumatetezedwa molingana. ku "zomalizidwa" zosiyanasiyana ndi "zomaliza zomaliza" zovomerezeka "zopanda kanthu", zida, makina, ndi zina zotere zomwe ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuyika siziyenera kutulutsa kapena kutulutsa (kuphatikiza ntchito yoyera chipinda kwa nthawi yayitali) zowononga zomwe zimawononga zinthu zopangidwa. Zida zoyera za m'chipinda zomwe zilibe fumbi, zopanda dzimbiri, zopanda mafuta komanso zosapanga fumbi panthawi yogwiritsira ntchito ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

C. Malo okongoletsera nyumba ya chipinda choyera (malo) ayenera kutetezedwa ndi mapanelo aukhondo achipinda, mafilimu ndi zipangizo zina; zida zothandizira mbale ziyenera kupangidwa molingana ndi kapangidwe kake kapena zida zofunikira zolembedwa. Ngati palibe zofunikira, mbale zazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri kapena pulasitiki ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mbiri zazitsulo za kaboni zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamaziko odziyimira pawokha ndi zolimbitsa pansi ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi anti-corrosion, ndipo pamwamba pake payenera kukhala lathyathyathya komanso losalala; zosindikizira zotanuka ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga caulking.

D. Zida ziyenera kulembedwa ndi zosakaniza, mitundu, tsiku la kupanga, nthawi yovomerezeka yosungira, malangizo a njira yomanga ndi ziphaso za mankhwala. Makina ndi zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipinda zoyera (malo) zisasunthidwe kuchipinda chopanda ukhondo kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito. Makina ndi zida zisasunthidwe kuchipinda choyera (malo) kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito. Makina ndi zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo aukhondo ziyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti mbali zowonekera za makinawo sizipanga fumbi kapena kuchitapo kanthu kuti fumbi lisaipitse chilengedwe. Makina ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri ziyenera kutsukidwa m'malo otsekera ndege zisanasamutsidwire kumalo oyera ndipo ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira kuti zisakhale zopanda mafuta, zopanda dothi, zopanda fumbi, komanso dzimbiri, ndipo ziyenera kusunthidwa pambuyo poyang'anira ndikuyikapo. chizindikiro cha "Oyera" kapena "Dera Loyera".

E. Zida zopangira zopangira m'chipinda choyera (malo) ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa pa "nsanjika zinazake" monga zokwezeka. Maziko a zida ayenera kukhazikitsidwa pamunsi mwaukadaulo wa mezzanine kapena pa mbale ya simenti; ntchito zomwe ziyenera kuthetsedwa kukhazikitsa maziko. Mapangidwe a pansi atatha kudulidwa ndi macheka amagetsi ogwiritsidwa ntchito pamanja ayenera kulimbikitsidwa, ndipo mphamvu yake yonyamula katundu siyenera kukhala yotsika kuposa mphamvu yoyamba yonyamula katundu. Pamene maziko odziyimira pawokha a chitsulo chachitsulo akugwiritsidwa ntchito, ayenera kupangidwa ndi galvanized material kapena zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, ndipo malo owonekera ayenera kukhala osalala komanso osalala.

F. Pamene njira yopangira zida zopangira zinthu m'chipinda choyera (malo) imafuna kutsegula mabowo pamapanelo a khoma, denga loyimitsidwa ndi malo okwera, ntchito zobowola siziyenera kugawanitsa kapena kuipitsa malo a mapanelo a khoma ndi mapanelo oimitsidwa omwe akufunika kusungidwa. Pambuyo pa kutsegulidwa kwa malo okwera pamene maziko sangathe kukhazikitsidwa panthawi yake, zotetezera chitetezo ndi zizindikiro zoopsa ziyenera kuikidwa; zida zopangira zida zitayikidwa, kusiyana kozungulira dzenje kuyenera kusindikizidwa, ndipo zida ndi zida zosindikizira ziyenera kukhala zosinthika, ndipo kulumikizana pakati pa gawo losindikiza ndi gulu la khoma kuyenera kukhala kolimba komanso kolimba; malo osindikizira mbali imodzi ya chipinda chogwirira ntchito ayenera kukhala osasunthika komanso osalala.


Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-16-2024
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