Kapangidwe ka makina ozimitsa moto m'chipinda choyera kayenera kuganizira zofunikira za malo oyera komanso malamulo oteteza moto. Chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa popewa kuipitsa mpweya komanso kupewa kusokoneza mpweya, komanso kuonetsetsa kuti moto ukuyambika mwachangu komanso moyenera.
1. Kusankha makina ozimitsa moto
Makina ozimitsa moto a gasi
HFC-227ea: imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, siimatulutsa mpweya, siigwiritsa ntchito zinyalala, ndi yabwino kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi, koma iyenera kuganiziridwa kuti siilola mpweya kulowa (zipinda zoyera zopanda fumbi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zotsekedwa bwino).
IG-541 (mpweya wosagwira ntchito): ndi wochezeka komanso wopanda poizoni, koma umafuna malo osungiramo zinthu akuluakulu.
Dongosolo la CO₂: Gwiritsani ntchito mosamala, lingakhale lovulaza anthu ogwira ntchito, ndipo ndi loyenera malo okhawo omwe sakuyang'aniridwa.
Zochitika zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito: zipinda zamagetsi, malo ogwiritsira ntchito zida zolondola, malo osungira deta ndi madera ena omwe amaopa madzi ndi kuipitsidwa.
Makina opopera madzi okha
Dongosolo lothira madzi lisanayambe kugwira ntchito: payipi nthawi zambiri imadzazidwa ndi mpweya, ndipo ngati moto wayamba, imachotsedwa kaye kenako imadzazidwa ndi madzi kuti isapopere mwangozi komanso kuipitsa (ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito zipinda zoyera).
Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito njira zonyowa: payipi imadzazidwa ndi madzi kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo chiopsezo cha kutuluka kwa madzi chimakhala chachikulu.
Kusankha nozzle: chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chosapanga fumbi komanso chosagwira dzimbiri, chotsekedwa komanso chotetezedwa mutachiyika.
Dongosolo la nthunzi yamadzi amphamvu kwambiri
Kusunga madzi bwino komanso kuzimitsa moto kwambiri, kungachepetse utsi ndi fumbi m'deralo, koma zotsatira zake pa ukhondo ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa.
Kapangidwe ka chozimitsira moto
Chonyamulika: CO₂ kapena chozimitsira moto cha ufa wouma (choyikidwa m'chipinda chotseka mpweya kapena m'khonde kuti musalowe mwachindunji m'malo oyera).
Bokosi lozimitsira moto lophatikizidwa: chepetsani kapangidwe kotuluka kuti fumbi lisaunjikane.
2. Kapangidwe kosintha malo opanda fumbi
Kutseka mapaipi ndi zida
Mapaipi oteteza moto ayenera kutsekedwa ndi epoxy resin kapena manja achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri pakhoma kuti tinthu tisatuluke.
Pambuyo poyika, zothira madzi, zoyezera utsi, ndi zina zotero ziyenera kutetezedwa kwakanthawi ndi zophimba fumbi ndikuchotsedwa musanapange.
Zipangizo ndi chithandizo cha pamwamba
Mapaipi achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena achitsulo cholimba amasankhidwa, okhala ndi malo osalala komanso osavuta kuyeretsa kuti apewe fumbi.
Ma valve, mabokosi, ndi zina zotero ziyenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zosataya madzi komanso zosagwira dzimbiri.
Kugwirizana kwa kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka mpweya
Malo omwe pali zida zodziwira utsi ndi ma nozzles ayenera kupewa bokosi la hepa kuti lisasokoneze kayendedwe ka mpweya.
Payenera kukhala dongosolo loyendetsera mpweya wotuluka utsi pambuyo poti chozimitsira moto chatulutsidwa kuti mpweya usatayike.
3. Makina ochenjeza moto
Mtundu wa chowunikira
Chowunikira utsi wotuluka mpweya (ASD): Chimayesa mpweya kudzera m'mapaipi, chimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, ndipo chimagwira ntchito bwino m'malo omwe mpweya umatuluka wambiri.
Chowunikira utsi/kutentha chofanana ndi mfundo: Ndikofunikira kusankha chitsanzo chapadera cha zipinda zoyera, zomwe sizimapsa fumbi komanso sizimasinthasintha.
Chowunikira moto: Ndi choyenera malo oyaka moto kapena malo osungiramo mankhwala (monga zipinda zosungiramo mankhwala).
Kulumikizana kwa alamu
Chizindikiro cha moto chiyenera kulumikizidwa kuti chizimitse dongosolo la mpweya wabwino (kuti utsi usafalikire), koma ntchito yotulutsa utsi iyenera kusungidwa.
Musanayambe makina ozimitsa moto, choziziritsira moto chiyenera kutsekedwa chokha kuti zitsimikizire kuchuluka kwa ozimitsa moto.
4. Utsi wotulutsa utsi ndi kupewa utsi ndi kapangidwe ka utsi wotulutsa utsi
Makina otulutsa utsi pogwiritsa ntchito makina
Malo omwe pali doko lotulutsira utsi ayenera kupewa malo apakati pa malo oyera kuti achepetse kuipitsa.
Njira yotulutsira utsi iyenera kukhala ndi choziziritsira moto (chosakanikirana ndi kutsekedwa pa 70℃), ndipo zinthu zotetezera khoma lakunja siziyenera kutulutsa fumbi.
Kulamulira bwino kuthamanga kwa magazi
Mukazima moto, zimitsani mpweya, koma sungani mpweya wabwino pang'ono m'chipinda chosungiramo mpweya kuti mupewe kuwononga zinthu zakunja.
5. Mafotokozedwe ndi kuvomereza
Miyezo yayikulu
Mafotokozedwe aku China: GB 50073 "Mafotokozedwe a Kapangidwe ka Chipinda Choyera", GB 50016 "Mafotokozedwe a Kapangidwe ka Nyumba Zoteteza Moto", GB 50222 "Mafotokozedwe a Kapangidwe ka Nyumba Zokongoletsa Moto".
Maumboni apadziko lonse lapansi: NFPA 75 (Kuteteza Zipangizo Zamagetsi), ISO 14644 (Muyezo Woyeretsa).
Mfundo zovomerezeka
Kuyesa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zozimitsira moto (monga mayeso a heptafluoropropane spray).
Kuyesa kutayikira (kutsimikizira kutseka mapaipi/nyumba zomangira).
Mayeso olumikizirana (alamu, kutseka kwa mpweya woziziritsa, kuyatsa utsi wotulutsa utsi, ndi zina zotero).
6. Malangizo pazochitika zapadera
Chipinda choyera chachilengedwe: pewani kugwiritsa ntchito zozimitsira moto zomwe zingawononge zida zachilengedwe (monga ufa wina wouma).
Chipinda choyera chamagetsi: perekani patsogolo makina ozimitsa moto osagwiritsa ntchito magetsi kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa magetsi.
Malo osaphulika: kuphatikiza ndi kapangidwe ka zida zamagetsi zosaphulika, sankhani zida zoyesera zosaphulika.
Chidule ndi malingaliro
Chitetezo cha moto m'zipinda zoyera chimafuna "kuzimitsa moto moyenera + kuchepetsa kuipitsa". Kuphatikiza koyenera:
Malo ofunikira a zida: HFC-227ea chozimitsira moto cha gasi + kuzindikira utsi wotuluka.
Malo onse: chotsukira utsi chisanayambe kugwira ntchito + chowunikira utsi wa mtundu wa point-type.
Khonde/potulukira: chozimitsira moto + utsi wa makina.
Pa nthawi yomanga, mgwirizano wapafupi ndi akatswiri a HVAC ndi zokongoletsera umafunika kuti zitsimikizire kuti pali kulumikizana kopanda vuto pakati pa malo otetezera moto ndi zofunikira zoyera.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-16-2025